Axle Welding
Flatten the ends out; split and push together
Ring Welding
Welds are named according to the manner in which the pieces are put together. The principal welds are: (1) flat welds, (2) butt welds, (3) lap welds, (4) cleft welds, and (5) jump welds. The selection of the kind of weld to be used in any problem depends upon the form of the pieces of metal to be worked upon.
Hammer peen
Flat welds: For flat welds the ends of the pieces of metal are first upset. Use the peen of the hammer and draw the metal out thin at the end, flatten it out and narrow it up edgewise at the extreme end. The metal is forced first forward and backward by the hammer strokes. Large scarfs are sometimes made by using a fuller. This is a very much quicker way for large work than the one just explained, but one requires a helper to handle the sledge hammer in this case, to strike down on the fuller.