Hot chisel. Cold chisel
Hand hammer: A hand hammer is used more than any other tool in the shop. The flat face is used for shaping material and the round plain for riveting, etc. The top and bottom fullers are used for making depressions in iron and steel. This process is called fullering. The top and bottom swages are used for rounding square iron or steel or reducing large sizes to smaller ones. Hot and cold chisels are both used for cutting iron. As the name shows, one is used for hot iron and one for cold iron. Gouges are for cutting ornamental shapes on sheet iron or steel, hot or cold. Calipers are used for measuring diameters. The broad flat surface of the flatter smoothes rough places. The set hammer is used to make square shoulders. It is a small hammer and does the work in narrow places which larger tools cannot reach. This sledge weighs about eight pounds. It is used where heavy hammering or driving is needed, and in conjunction with such tools as swages, fullers, set hammers, etc. The hardie is a sharp cutting tool used to cut small pieces of iron and soft steel while hot or cold. Tongs are of all sizes. Those most called into use have the following shapes: The shovel for the fire must be small and strong so the clinker formed on the bottom can be shoveled out without carrying too much coal with it. A poker, rake, and dipper also are needed for use about the fire.
You know now all the tools needed to equip a shop. I want to tell you about the fuels, such as coal and charcoal, which you will use, and something about pig iron and wrought iron which I think you ought to know.
