Mouth.—Maxillæ, with three large spines at the upper angle, and with the first step distinct, but narrow; mandibles with five teeth; in young specimens the inferior point ends in a single spine; sides of the supra-oral cavity very hairy; the membrane, forming the inner fold of the labrum, yellow and thickened in the form of a spoon.

Cirri.—In the posterior cirri there are, at the upper lateral edges of the segments on both sides, small spines; the segments in the first cirrus, and in the broad anterior ramus of the second cirrus, are hemispherically and considerably protuberant. Caudal appendages smooth.

Size.—The largest specimen had a capitulum one inch long.

The Colours (after having been long in spirit) of the valves have already been given; sack and peduncle dirty yellowish-brown, with the parts corresponding to the margins of the valves much darker brown, or almost black; segments of the cirri clouded with dark brown; body and pedicels of the cirri dirty yellowish. I have reason to believe that the colours are totally different in living specimens.

Monstrous Varieties.—Most of the specimens from lat. 50° S., on the coast of Patagonia, were more or less deformed, with the successive zones of growth overlapping each other, and forming coarse concentric ridges. The carina in several specimens was laterally distorted.

I have already remarked that this species has some affinity to L. pectinata; but it is much more closely related to L. fascicularis, the affinity being clearly shown by the thinness and translucency of the valves, their convexity, by the width and little acumination of the upper part of the carina, by the width of the fork, and by its not being deeply imbedded. In young specimens, moreover, before the fork is fully developed, there is a remarkable similarity between the two species, in the form of this lower part of the carina. Again, the narrowness and inflection of the peduncle under the capitulum in L. australis, and lastly, the lateral marginal spines on both sides of the segments of the posterior cirri, all clearly indicate this same affinity to L. fascicularis.

I believe this species is confined to the southern ocean; and perhaps there represents L. fascicularis of the northern and tropical seas. It must, judging from the number of specimens brought home by Captain Sir J. Ross, and from those previously in the British Museum, and from those collected by myself, be a very common species.

6. [Lepas fascicularis]. [Pl. I], [fig. 6.]

[Lepas fascicularis]. Ellis and Solander. Zoophytes, 1786, Tab. xv, fig. 5.

——— ———— Montagu. Test. Brit. Suppl., 1808, pp. 5, 164.