[90] Buckland, ‘Bridgewater Treatise,’ p. 411.
[91] See some good remarks on the simplification of languages, by Sir J. Lubbock, ‘Origin of Civilisation,’ 1870, p. 278.
[92] ‘Conférences sur la Théorie Darwinienne,’ French translat., 1869, p. 132.
[93] The Rev. Dr. J. M’Cann, ‘Anti-Darwinism,’ 1869, p. 13.
[94] ‘The Spectator,’ Dec. 4th, 1869, p. 1430.
[95] See an excellent article on this subject by the Rev. F. W. Farrar, in the ‘Anthropological Review,’ Aug. 1864, p. ccxvii. For further facts see Sir J. Lubbock, ‘Prehistoric Times,’ 2nd edit. 1869. p. 564; and especially the chapters on Religion in his ‘Origin of Civilisation,’ 1870.
[96] The Worship of Animals and Plants, in the ‘Fortnightly Review,’ Oct. 1, 1869, p. 422.
[97] Tylor, ‘Early History of Mankind,’ 1865, p. 6. See also the three striking chapters on the Development of Religion, in Lubbock’s ‘Origin of Civilisation,’ 1870. In a like manner Mr. Herbert Spencer, in his ingenious essay in the ‘Fortnightly Review’ (May 1st, 1870, p. 535), accounts for the earliest forms of religious belief throughout the world, by man being led through dreams, shadows, and other causes, to look at himself as a double essence, corporeal and spiritual. As the spiritual being is supposed to exist after death and to be powerful, it is propitiated by various gifts and ceremonies, and its aid invoked. He then further shews that names or nicknames given from some animal or other object to the early progenitors or founders of a tribe, are supposed after a long interval to represent the real progenitor of the tribe; and such animal or object is then naturally believed still to exist as a spirit, is held sacred, and worshipped as a god. Nevertheless I cannot but suspect that there is a still earlier and ruder stage, when anything which manifests power or movement is thought to be endowed with some form of life, and with mental faculties analogous to our own.
[98] See an able article on the Psychical Elements of Religion, by Mr. L. Owen Pike, in ‘Anthropolog. Review,’ April, 1870, p. lxiii.
[99] ‘Religion, Moral, &c., der Darwin’schen Art-Lehre,’ 1869, s. 53.