[209] ‘Philosophical Transactions,’ 1869, p. 513.
[210] Quoted in C. Vogt’s ‘Lectures on Man,’ Eng. translat. 1864, p. 88, 90. Prichard, ‘Phys. Hist. of Mankind,’ vol. i. 1838, p. 305.
[211] ‘Comptes Rendus des Séances,’ &c. June 1, 1868.
[212] ‘The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication,’ vol. ii. p. 124-129.
[213] Schaaffhausen gives from Blumenbach and Busch, the cases of the spasms and cicatrix, in ‘Anthropolog. Review,’ Oct. 1868, p. 420. Dr. Jarrold (‘Anthropologia,’ 1808, p. 115, 116) adduces from Camper and from his own observations, cases of the modification of the skull from the head being fixed in an unnatural position. He believes that certain trades, such as that of a shoemaker, by causing the head to be habitually held forward, makes the forehead more rounded and prominent.
[214] ‘Variation of Animals,’ &c., vol. i. p. 117 on the elongation of the skull; p. 119, on the effect of the lopping of one ear.
[215] Quoted by Schaaffhausen, in ‘Anthropolog. Review,’ Oct. 1868, p. 419.
[216] Owen, ‘Anatomy of Vertebrates,’ vol. iii. p. 619.
[217] Isidore Geoffroy St.-Hilaire remarks (‘Hist. Nat. Générale,’ tom. ii. 1859, p. 215-217) on the head of man being covered with long hair; also on the upper surfaces of monkeys and of other mammals being more thickly clothed than the lower surfaces. This has likewise been observed by various authors. Prof. P. Gervais (‘Hist. Nat. des Mammifères,’ tom. i. 1854, p. 28), however, states that in the Gorilla the hair is thinner on the back, where it is partly rubbed off, than on the lower surface.
[218] Mr. St. George Mivart, ‘Proc. Zoolog. Soc.’ 1865, p. 562, 583. Dr. J. E. Gray, ‘Cat. Brit. Mus.: Skeletons.’ Owen, ‘Anatomy of Vertebrates,’ vol. ii. p. 517. Isidore Geoffroy, ‘Hist. Nat. Gén.’ tom. ii. p. 244.