“Reign of Terror,” causes of, [203].
Retana, W. E., Madrid journalist and author, challenged by Rizal, becomes his friend, [214].
Revolution, American, influence of on Rizal’s mind and course, [67]; French, good results of in the Philippines, [22].
Rivera, Antonio, Rizal’s uncle and benefactor, [120]; helps José to escape from Manila and sends him money, [122].
Rivera, Leonora, Rizal’s cousin and sweetheart: birth and parentage, [120]; meeting with Rizal, [120]; traits and accomplishments, [120]–121; incident of Rizal’s broken head, [121]; betrothed to him, [122]; his poem to her on departing, [122]; extracts from his diary concerning, [123]; Rivera’s move to Dagupan, [124]; anxiety of Leonora’s mother concerning Rizal’s revolutionary tendencies, [125]; arrival of Kipping, [125]; Mrs. Rivera’s plan to separate Leonora and José, [126], [127]; discovered by Leonora when too late, [128]; marriage with Kipping, and death, [129].
Rivera, Primo de, Governor General: attempts to make peace with the revolutionists and arranges treaty of Biacnabato, [322]; conversation with Josephine Bracken Rizal, [329] (footnote).
“Rizal day,” observance of in the Philippines, [369].
Rizal, José Protasio Rizal Mercado Y Alonzo Realonda, son of Francisco and Teodora Mercades: introduction to the troubles of his people, [14], [15]; his receptive and powerful mind, [16]; birth of, [28]; early induction into physical exercises, [28]; an attractive child, [28]; early fondness for reading, [29]; origin of his name, [29]; able to read in Spanish at five, [30]; learns from his mother to write poetry, [31]; incident of “The Moth and the Candle,” [31]–32; early studies in art, [32]; friendship of Father Lopez for, [32]; boyhood experiences, [30]–35; early education, [35]; at school at Biñan, [35]–36; advanced to the Ateneo, at Manila, [37]; reaction to the slaying of Fathers Gomez, Burgos and Zamorra, [38]; observations on racial hatred at the Ateneo, [39]; conclusions concerning, [39]–41; finds mankind not separated into races but into strata, [43]; his habit of independent thought, [43]; takes on the cause of his people, [44]–46; first experiences at the Ateneo, [46]–48; made “emperor” among the [[388]]boys, [48]; first prize, [48]; shielded by Paciano, [48]; careful division of his time, [50]; effect of reading “The Count of Monte Cristo,” [50]; studies in self-mastery, [50]; character of the Ateneo, [51]; difficulties of gaining an education, [52]; examples from “The Class in Physics,” [52]–59; diversions and experiences, [60]; friendship with Father Guerrico, [61]; early achievements in sculpture, [61]; extraordinary gifts in, [62]; as a painter and draughtsman, [62]; incident of the banner at Calamba, [62]; early experiments in poetry, [63]–64; antiquity of Tagalog poetry, [63]; first poem, “The Embarcation,” [63]; effect of reading Dr. Jagor’s “Travels in the Philippines,” [64]–66; effect of the Centennial of American independence, [66]–67; influence of America, [67]; his facility in comic illustration, [68]; his prize-wining poem, “To the Philippine Youth,” [69]; Spanish resentment aroused, [71]; degree of Bachelor of Arts, Ateneo, March 23, 1876, [72]; enters University of Santo Tomas, [72]; wins literary competition in honor of Cervantes, with allegory, “The Council of the Gods,” [73]; deprived of his prize, [74]; writes drama, “Beside the Pasig,” [74]; attacked by Civil Guard, [76]; determines to leave the Philippines, and sails for Europe, [77]; excitement of the government over his disappearance, [78]; observations in Barcelona, [79]; enters University of Madrid, [80]; studies and friendships there, [80]–82; effect on him of reading the lives of the presidents of the United States, [82]; becomes a freemason, [83]; religious convictions, [84]; his sacrifices, [84]; school records at Manila and Madrid, [85]–87; his prizes, [88]; goes to Paris and associates himself with Dr. De Weckert, [88]; effect of reading “Uncle Tom’s Cabin,” [88]; resolves to write a novel on Philippine conditions, [88]; begins, “Noli Me Tangere,” [89]; equipment as a novelist, [89]; at Heidelberg, [89], [90]; at Leipzig and Berlin, [91]; association with Virchow, [91]; error about method of winning freedom, [91]; views about Philippine independence, [92]; completion of “Noli Me Tangere,” [93]; its theme and characters, [93]–96; its plot, [97]–117; extreme poverty, [130]; difficulties about bringing out “Noli Me Tangere,” [130]; relieved by Maximo Viola, [131]; facts concerning the writing and printing of the novel, [132]; difficulties about introducing it in the Philippines, [132]; solved by Rizal’s friends, Messrs. Canon, Ponce, Batle and Miss Teresina Batle, [132]–133; effect of in the Philippines, [133]–134; efforts of government to suppress, [133]–136; indignation of the governing class, [134]–135; goes on walking tour with Viola, [136]; reception by the scientists of Dresden, [136]; friendship with Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, [137]; at Leitmeritz, with the Blumentritts, [137]; at Vienna with Nordenfels, the novelist, and others, [137]; at Rome, [137]; determines to return to Philippines, [137]; arrival at Manila, [138]; successful operation on his mother’s eyes, [138]; his comment on “Noli Me Tangere” and tribute to Viola, [139]; Mr. Canon on Rizal’s voice, [139]; summoned before Governor General Terrero, [140]; his defense of “Noli Me Tangere,” [140]; peril because of the resentment of the governing class, [141]; José de Andrade appointed as his body-guard [[389]]and custodian, [141]; study of taxation problems, [145]–147; results of his investigations, [147]; his power and influence among his people, [147], [148]; consents to Terrero’s veiled deportation order, [148]; views on separation from Spain, [149]; reforms he demanded, [149], [150]; goes to Hong Kong, [152]; observations there among the Filipino exiles, [152]; in Japan, [153]; astonishing feat of mastering the Japanese language in a month, [153]; arrival at San Francisco, [154]; experiences with American quarantine system, [154]–155; observations on the United States, [156]; arrival in London, [156]; Antonio de Morga’s book, [157]; athletic exercises, [158]–159; friendship with family of Dr. Antonio Regidor, Filipino exile in London, [159]; reasons for going to Paris, [159]; association there with Juan Luna, [160]; hears in London of persecution of his family and protests to “La Solidaridad,” [166]; nature of the publication, [167]; quarrel with del Pilar, [167]; retirement to Ghent to write “El Filibusterismo,” [168]; character of this novel, [169]; its dedication to the three priests, victims of 1872 on Bagumbayan Field, [170]; articles on “The Philippines a Century Hence,” [172]; ability of the Islanders to take care of themselves, [173]–175; the fiery manifesto of March, 1889, [179]–180; mastery of French, [182]; organizes the “Association Internationale des Philippinistes,” [182]; “The Indolence of the Filipino,” [183]–200; manufactured prejudice against the Filipino people, [183]; Filipino culture, [183]; climatic influences, [184]–186; responsibility of the Spaniards, [187]–198; testimony of the first visitors, [188]–190; real reasons for Filipino indifference, [192]–196; goes to Madrid to seek protection for his family, [202]; his views about war, [202], [203]; appearance and manners when he was thirty-one years old, [205]; reticence about himself, [205]; restraint in talking, [205]; fondness for physical exercise, [206]; Senator Sandiko’s recollections, [206]; facility in making friends, [207]; self-possession, [207]; fondness for music, flowers and poetry, [208]; a chess player, [208]; presentiment about his death, [209]; his quarrels in Madrid, [210]–211; his “truly upright moral sense,” [211]; his unselfishness, [212]; summary of his moral character, [213]–214; plot of “El Filibusterismo,” [215]–232; failure to gain protection at Madrid, [233]; drawn again to the Far East, [233]–234; settlement at Hong Kong, [234]; professional success there, [234]; plans to found a colony in North Borneo, [234]–235; visited by his sister Lucia, [234]; correspondence with Governor General Despujol, [235]–236; the famous “safe-conduct,” [236]; sails for the Philippines, [236]; farewell addresses to his countrymen and to his family, [237]–239; landing at Manila, Lucia accused of bringing in treasonable documents, [234]; the tract called “The Poor Friars,” translated in full, [240]–242; project of “La Liga Filipina,” [243]; Rizal’s precepts for his fellow members, [244]–245; arrested, [246]; imprisoned, [247]; exiled to Dapitan, [247]; Despujol’s sophistical defense in the “Official Gazette,” [249]; Rizal’s own account, [250]–253; arrival at Dapitan, [253]; division of his time and labors, [254]; scientific explorations, [254]–255; opens a school, [255]; constructs a lighting [[390]]system and water works, [255]; his place and achievements in science, [256]; his standing as an oculist, [256]; as an ethnologist, [257]; his valuable collections in natural history, [257]; as a linguist, [258]; friendship with Dr. Reinhold Rost and studies in psychology, [259]; his place as a poet, [259]; poem “My Retreat,” written at Dapitan, [259]–260; work in sociology, [260]; report of a conversation with Captain Ricardo Carnicero on reforms in the Philippines, [260]–261; disagreeable letter from Father Pastells, superior of the Jesuits, [262]; Rizal’s answer, [262]–263; letter to his nephew, [264]; his bust of Father Guerrico, [265]; his activities in sculpture, [265]; meeting with Josephine Bracken; betrothal to her, [268]; difficulties in the way of their marriage by the church, [268]–269; common law marriage substituted, [270]; correspondence with Governor General Despujol about the settlement of his family at Dapitan, [270]; introduces modern agricultural machinery from the United States, [271]; manner of life at Dapitan, [278]; studies in Tagalog, [279]; letter from Dr. Blumentritt concerning shortage of doctors in Cuba while yellow fever rages there, [279]; applies to Governor General Blanco for permission to go to Cuba as volunteer surgeon and is accepted, [279]; departure from Manila, [280]; held on board Spanish cruiser, Castilla, [280]; courtesy of captain of Castilla, [280]; letter of introduction and endorsement from Governor General Blanco, [281]; departure from Manila on Isla de Panay, [281]; discovery of the Katipunan, [282]; peril of Rizal as result, [284]; protected by Blanco, [285]; Blanco succeeded by Polavieja, [285]; Rizal importuned by Pedro P. Roxas to escape from his enemies at Singapore, but refuses, [286]; arrested at Suez, [286]; returned to Philippines, [287]; failure of plot to force his rescue at Singapore, [287]–288; again a prisoner at Fort Santiago, [289]; torturing of his brother, Paciano, [290]; address from prison to his countrymen, [291]–292; farcical nature of charges against him, [292]–294; his trial a judicial murder, [295]; found guilty of treason and sentenced to be shot, [295]; his poem, “My Last Farewell,” [296]–298; last hours, [298]–304; his alleged retraction, [301]–303; efforts to save him, [303]; alleged vindictiveness of Spanish Queen Regent, [304]; his last request, [307]; shot to death on Bagumbayan Field, December 30, 1896, [307]–309; joy of the crowd of Spaniards, [310]; attempts to obliterate his memory and insult his dust, [310]; slaughter of his companions in La Liga Filipina, [311]; resentment of the Filipinos, [312]; summary of his influence and results of his efforts, [327]–328; recognition by his countrymen, [328]; tributes to his memory, [329]; review of his career, traits and views, [332]–334.
Rizal, Paciano, brother of José: pupil at the College of San José, Manila, [37]; friend of Father Burgos, [37]; portrayed as Tasio the philosopher in “Noli Me Tangere,” [119]; banished to Mindoro on a fictitious charge of sedition, [162]; tortured by Spaniards to cause him to implicate José, [290]; enlists in revolutionary army, [312]; rank there, [312] (footnote).
Rizal, Trinidad, sister of José Rizal and recipient of his last bequest, [303]. [[391]]