| Sing. | Plur. | |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aurinko | auringot |
| Part. | aurinkoa | aurinkoja, auringoita |
| Gen. | auringon | aurinkoen, aurinkoin aurinkojen or auringoiden |
| In. | auringossa | auringoissa |
| El. | auringosta | auringoista |
| Il. | aurinkoon | aurinkoihin |
| Ad. | auringolla | auringoilla |
| Abl. | auringolta | auringoilta |
| All. | auringolle | auringoille |
| Abes. | auringotta | auringoitta |
| Prol. | [auringotse] | auringoitse |
| Transl. | auringoksi | auringoiksi |
| Ess. | aurinkona | aurinkoina |
| Com. | [aurinkone] | aurinkoine |
| Instr. | [auringon] | auringoin |
Here in the majority of cases the k is weakened to g, because the syllable which it commences becomes closed containing a single vowel or a diphthong formed by that vowel with the i of the plural; but the k remains in such places as the illative, where the syllables remain open. The original form of the genitive plur. would be aurinkoiten. This is weakened to auringoiden. Then the d dropping out we have aurinkojen, aurinkoen, or aurinkoin.
Luettu (past participle), meaning read, is thus declined:—
Here tt is weakened to t when the syllable becomes closed (rule [30]), and the partitive and genitive plur. either take or reject t.
The declension of words with soft vowels is precisely similar, except that the suffixes have soft vowels. Eläimistö, animal kingdom, lyöty, struck.
| Sing. | Plur. | |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | eläimistö | eläimistöt |
| Part. | eläimistöä | eläimistöjä |
| Gen. | eläimistön | eläimistöjen eläimistöen eläimistöin |
| In. | eläimistössä | eläimistöissä |
| El. | eläimistöstä | eläimistöistä |
| Il. | eläimistöön | eläimistöihin |
| Ad. | eläimistöllä | eläimistöillä |
| Abl. | eläimistöltä | eläimistöiltä |
| All. | eläimistölle | eläimistöille |
| Abes. | eläimistöttä | eläimistöittä |
| Transl. | eläimistöksi | eläimistöiksi |
| Ess. | eläimistönä | eläimistöinä |
Here the t of lyöty is weakened when the syllable is closed, but the t of eläimistö remains, being preceded by s and consequently unchangeable.
B. All roots ending in a, ä, except superlatives for adjectives, e.g. pata, a pot. In this declension the final a frequently becomes o in the plural by rule [7]. Dissyllabic words reject t in the partitive both sing. and plur., and in the genitive plur.; but polysyllabic words optionally preserve it in these cases.