[509] Ku-stana seems to have been a learned perversion of the name, to make it mean breast of the earth.
[510] The combination is illustrated by the Sino-Kharoshthî coins with a legend in Chinese on the obverse and in Prakrit on the reverse. See Stein, Ancient Khotan, p. 204. But the coins are later than 73 A.D.
[511] The Tibetan text gives the date of conversion as the reign of King Vijayasambhava, 170 years after the foundation of Khotan.
[512] See Sten Konow in J.R.A.S. 1914, p. 345.
[513] See Stein, Ancient Khotan, pp. 170, 456.
[514] Chavannes, Tou-kiue, p. 125, cf. pp. 121 and 170. For Hsien shên see Giles's Chinese Dict. No. 4477.
[515] Beal, Life, p. 205.
[516] Identified by Stein with Kohmari Hill which is still revered by Mohammedans as a sacred spot.
[517] Desert Cathay, II. p. 114.
[518] See Watters, Yüan Chwang, II. p. 296. Beal, Life. p. 205. Chavannes, "Voyage de Sung Yun." B.E.F.E.O. 1903, 395, and for the Tibetan sources, Rockhill, Life of the Buddha, chap. VIII. One of the four Tibetan works is expressly stated to be translated from Khotanese.