FRUIT.—Autumn of first season, gradually losing their seeds during the winter and falling the next spring; oblong-ovoid, acute, short-stalked, red-brown cones, about 3/4 inch long; seeds 1/8 inch long, with wings about twice as long.
WINTER-BUDS.—Ovoid, obtuse, red-brown, slightly puberulous, 1/16 inch long.
BARK.—Twigs at first pale brown and pubescent, becoming glabrous, gray-brown; thick, red-brown or gray on the trunk, deeply divided into narrow, rounded, scaly ridges.
WOOD.—Light, soft, weak, brittle, coarse- and crooked-grained, not durable, ill-smelling, light red-brown, with thin, darker colored sapwood.
DISTRIBUTION.—Throughout the state, with the exception of the south-eastern portion; scarce on the east side of the state, more common on the west, becoming very abundant in Emmet County.
HABITAT.—Prefers well-drained uplands and slopes of ravines.
NOTES.—A favorite hedge plant. Useful for ornamental planting in shady situations.