[377-45] In few may be read as in a few words, that is, to make the story brief.
[377-46] Hoist us means hoisted us, that is left us.
[378-47] Degg’d means sprinkled.
[378-48] Shakespeare, as was the custom in those days, often used the word stomach for courage; an undergoing stomach is a lasting courage.
[378-49] Steaded means aided. We might say, which have since stood us in good stead.
[378-50] Readers of Shakespeare dispute about the meaning of this sentence. We might imagine Prospero to say half to himself “Now I arise;” that is, “My turn has come.”
[378-51] Made thee more profit, that is, have made you to profit more, have taught you to better advantage.
[379-52] The zenith is the highest point.
[379-53] Prospero means that if he acts now his fortunes will rise to their highest point, but that if he waits, he will lose his opportunity.
[379-54] Prospero, by his magic, throws his daughter into a deep sleep so that he may carry on his plans without her knowledge.