Among works dealing with the several territories which have been in dispute, the following are notable:
On Prussian Poland: Ludwig Bernhard, Die Polenfrage. Leipzig, 1910. (A moderate German view.) Joseph Partsch, Schlesien, pts. 1-2. Breslau, 1896-1911. “Liber” (C. Andrzejewski), Das Deutschtum in Westpolen (Preussisch-Polen), seine Zahl, seine Gliederung, sein Stärkeverhältniss gegenüber den Polen. Posen, 1919.
On the Galician question: W. Lutoslawski and E. Romer, The Ruthenian Question in Galicia. Paris, 1919. H. Grappin, Polonais et ruthènes. La question de Galicie. Paris, 1919. Both these works are partisan statements from the Polish side. M. Lozynsky, Les “Droits” de la Pologne sur la Galicie. Lausanne, 1917. E. Levitsky, La Guerre polono-ukrainienne en Galicie. Berne, 1919. This and the preceding represent the Ukrainian point of view.
On the question of Poland’s eastern frontier: L. Wasilewski, Die Ostprovinzen des alten Polenreichs. Cracow, 1916. By all means the most complete and illuminating survey of Poland’s past relations with Lithuania, White Russia, and the Ukraine, and of the recent growth of nationalist movements in those regions. K. Verbelis, La Lituanie russe. Geneva, 1918. (Lithuanian views and claims.) T. Savtchenko, L’Ukraine et la question ukrainienne. Paris, 1918. (Views of a Ukrainian nationalist.)
POLAND
FOOTNOTES:
[43] Here and in the ensuing chapters the word ‘race’ is used in its popular sense, as virtually equivalent to ‘people’ or ‘nation,’ rather than in the strict sense in which the word is employed by ethnologists. R. H. L.
[44] The Peace Conference appears to have adopted last autumn some sort of a provisional boundary for Poland on the east. As far as I understand the matter, however, this boundary represents only a minimum line. Whatever lies to the west of it is indisputably Polish, and henceforth in the opinion of the Conference should belong unconditionally to Poland. It is not implied, however, that Poland may not have valid claims to additional territories farther east—claims which can only be settled by negotiations between Poland and Russia.
[45] If the territory of the Free City of Danzig be included in this reckoning, the number of Germans that may be separated from the Empire would rise to 2,400,000 in round numbers.