2. The Congress shall have power to enforce by appropriate legislation the provisions of this article.
| 1789–1793 | George Washington. |
| John Adams. |
| 1793–1797 | George Washington. |
| John Adams. |
| 1797–1801 | John Adams. |
| Thomas Jefferson. |
| 1801–1805 | Thomas Jefferson. |
| Aaron Burr. |
| 1805–1809 | Thomas Jefferson. |
| George Clinton. |
| 1809–1813 | James Madison. |
| George Clinton. |
| 1813–1817 | James Madison. |
| Elbridge Gerry. |
| 1817–1821 | James Monroe. |
| D. D. Tompkins. |
| 1821–1825 | James Monroe. |
| D. D. Tompkins. |
| 1825–1829 | John Quincy Adams. |
| John C. Calhoun. |
| 1829–1833 | Andrew Jackson. |
| John C. Calhoun. |
| 1833–1837 | Andrew Jackson. |
| Martin Van Buren. |
| 1837–1841 | Martin Van Buren. |
| R. M. Johnson. |
| 1841–1845 | Wm. Henry Harrison. |
| John Tyler (became President, 1841). |
| 1845–1849 | James K. Polk. |
| George M. Dallas. |
| 1849–1853 | Zachary Taylor. |
| Millard Fillmore (became President, 1850). |
| 1853–1857 | Franklin Pierce. |
| William R. King. |
| 1857–1861 | James Buchanan. |
| J. C. Breckinridge. |
| 1861–1865 | Abraham Lincoln. |
| Hannibal Hamlin. |
| 1865–1869 | Abraham Lincoln. |
| Andrew Johnson (became President, 1865). |
| 1869–1873 | U. S. Grant. |
| Schuyler Colfax. |
| 1873–1877 | U. S. Grant. |
| Henry Wilson. |
| 1877–1881 | R. B. Hayes. |
| Wm. A. Wheeler. |
| 1881–1885 | Jas. A. Garfield. |
| Chester A. Arthur (became President, 1881). |
| 1885–1889 | Grover Cleveland. |
| T. A. Hendricks. |
| 1889–1893 | Benjamin Harrison. |
| L. P. Morton. |
| 1893–1897 | Grover Cleveland. |
| Adlai E. Stevenson. |
| 1897–1901 | Wm. McKinley. |
| G. A. Hobart. |
| 1901–1905 | Wm. McKinley. |
| Theodore Roosevelt (became President, 1901). |
| 1905–1909 | Theodore Roosevelt. |
| Charles W. Fairbanks. |
| 1909–1913 | William H. Taft. |
| James S. Sherman. |