[518] D’Urban’s Journal, under Oct. 15.

[519] For the miseries and dangers of life in Rodrigo, see the Memoirs of the Duchesse d’Abrantes. Her letter to Junot, intercepted by Wellington, tells the same tale: it is to be found in D’Urban’s collection of documents.

[520] See Correspondance, vol. xxi. pp. 262, 280, 338, &c.

[521] See Fririon, pp. 57-8.

[522] See above, [p. 277].

[523] Ferey’s brigade, which had already faced Craufurd at Bussaco.

[524] According to Fririon, p. 98, the morning state of Nov. 1 showed only 46,591 men effective. But the figures of that officer are always a little lower than what I have found in the official documents.

[525] The first morning note of D’Urban’s diary in November is nearly always ‘more deserters arrived.’

[526] See Wellington to Lord Liverpool, Dispatches, vi. 554.

[527] See especially the longer dispatch of Nov. 3, on pp. 582-3 ibid.