The Byzantine Empire

by Charles Oman

civil wars of the, [166];

for later history, see under names of the Caliphs

Sardis, taken by Alexius I., [265]

Scholarian Guards, the, [104]

Seljouk Turks, conquer Persia and Armenia, [250-1];

invade the empire, [252];

conquer Asia Minor, [254];

defeated by the Crusaders, [265];

wars of with the Comneni, [265-7-72];