Brearley’s Curve Tracer.—This apparatus made by the Cambridge and Paul Instrument Company, is designed to take a large-scale record of an operation which only occupies a short period of time. It consists of a drum, round which the record paper is wound, and capable of rotating on its axis once in ten or thirty minutes by the aid of clockwork. Attached to the arm of the pen is a pointer, which moves along the scale of a sensitive mirror galvanometer to which a thermocouple is connected. The operator, by turning a handle, moves the drum longitudinally so as to keep the pointer opposite the centre of the spot of light, and this movement is traced on the chart, combined with the rotary movement, by the pen. In this manner the large change in deflection, due to a few degrees increase or decrease in temperature, can be recorded in ink. This instrument is of special service in recording the critical points of steel, or any operation which involves delicate readings over a limited range of temperature.
Index
- Air pyrometers, [219].
- Anti-vibration stand for galvanometers, [47].
- Atmospheric temperatures, measurement of, [96], [132].
- Automatic compensators, [66].
- Barrett, Sir W., discovery of recalescence, [ 4].
- Becquerel, Ed., optical pyrometer, [ 5].
- Black-body radiations, [136].
- Brearley, sentinel pyrometers, [208].
- — curve-tracer, [221].
- Bristol, air-recording pyrometer, [219].
- — compensator, [66].
- Byström, calorimetric pyrometer, [201].
- Calorimetric or “water” pyrometers, [195].
- — — — special uses of, [203].
- Centigrade scale of temperatures, [ 6].
- Clay-contraction pyrometers, [211].
- Colour-extinction pyrometers, [189].
- Colour, in relation to temperature, [167].
- Comparison of gas and platinum scales, [111].
- Compensators for cold junctions, [66].
- Conduction pyrometers, [218].
- Constant temperature cold junction, [71].
- Contact-pen recorders, [88].
- “Critical” points of steel, [94].
- Daniell, expansion pyrometers, [ 2], [214].
- Darling, automatic compensator, [68].
- — and Grace, liquid element thermocouples, [43].
- Day, extension of gas scale, [15].
- Electromotive force (E.M.F.) developed by junctions, [31].
- — — measurement of, [62].
- Expansion pyrometers, [214].
- Fahrenheit, temperature scale, [ 7].
- Féry, lens pyrometer, [142].
- — mirror pyrometer, [143].
- — optical pyrometer, [174].
- — spiral pyrometer, [150].
- Fixed points for calibration of pyrometers, [16], [17].
- Foster, base-metal pyrometer, [39].
- — fixed-focus pyrometer, [152].
- — recorder, [82].
- Furnace, electric tube, [95].
- — temperatures, control of, by pyrometers, [87].
- Fusible metals, [209].
- — pastes, [210].
- Fusion pyrometers, [204].
- Gas pyrometers, [219].
- — scale of temperatures, [11].
- — thermometer, constant volume, [11].
- Hadfield, effect of temperature on hardness of steel, [ 4].
- Harris, indicator, [121].
- Holborn-Kurlbaum, optical pyrometer, [181].
- Holden-d’Arsonval, galvanometer, [45].
- Holman, formula for thermal junctions, [62].
- Howe, colour-temperature table, [167].
- Indicators, for radiation pyrometers, [156].
- — for resistance pyrometers, [118-124].
- — special range, [71].
- — standardizing of, [54], [108], [157].
- — for thermo-electric pyrometers, [45-53].
- Installations of resistance pyrometers, [130].
- — of thermo-electric pyrometers, [89].
- Joly, meldometer, [220].
- Kelvin, thermodynamic scale of temperature, [ 9].
- Kowalke, base-metal couples, [30].
- Lambert, anti-vibration stand for galvanometers, [47].
- Le Chatelier, optical pyrometer, [177].
- — thermo-electric pyrometer, [ 5], [22].
- Leeds-Northrup, indicator, [122].
- — recorders, [85], [127].
- — resistance pyrometers, [115].
- Liquid element thermocouples, [43].
- Lovibond, optical pyrometer, [186].
- Low temperatures, measurement of, [97], [132].
- Meldometer, [220].
- Mercury thermometer, limits of, [ 1].
- Mesuré and Nouel, optical pyrometer, [187].
- Morse, optical pyrometer, [182].
- National Physical Laboratory, scale of temperatures, [17].
- Newton, researches on high temperatures, [ 2].
- Northrup, molten tin pyrometer, [216].
- — pyrovolter, [74].
- Optical pyrometers, [167].
- — — management of, [192].
- — — special uses of, [193].
- Paul, base-metal pyrometer, [39].
- — compensator, [70].
- — radiation pyrometer, [155].
- — recorder, [83].
- — uni-pivot indicator, [49].
- Peake, compensated leads, [67].
- Pivoted galvanometers, [49].
- Planck, modifications of Wien’s formula, [171].
- Platinum scale of temperatures, [106].
- Pneumatic pyrometers, [217].
- Potentiometer indicators, [73].
- — method for measurement of E.M.F., [63].
- Prinsep, gas pyrometer, [ 3].
- Protecting sheaths for pyrometers, [34].
- Pyrometer, definition of, [ 1].
- Pyromike, [189].
- Radiation pyrometers, [134].
- — — calibration of, [157].
- — — indicators for, [156].
- — — management of, [161].
- — — recorders for, [161].
- — — special uses of, [164].
- Rasch, luminosity formula, [168].
- Recalescence of steel, [ 4], [94].
- Recorders for radiation pyrometers, [161].
- — — resistance pyrometers, [124].
- — — thermo-electric pyrometers, [75].
- Resistance, measurement of, [102].
- — of platinum, [105].
- Resistance pyrometers, [101].
- — — indicators for, [118].
- — — management of, [130].
- — — recorders for, [124].
- — — special uses of, [132].
- — pyrometry, terms used in, [111].
- Roberts-Austen, recorder, [76].
- Salts, melting points of, [204].
- Seebeck, discovery of thermo-electricity, [ 3], [20].
- Seger, pyramids or “cones,” [205].
- Siemens, calorimetric or “water” pyrometer, [201].
- — indicator for resistance pyrometer, [118].
- — — — thermo-electric pyrometer, [48].
- — optical pyrometer, [182].
- — recorder, [81].
- — resistance pyrometer, [114].
- Specific heat of nickel, [197].
- Standardizing of indicators, [54], [108], [157].
- Standards of temperature, [ 9].
- Steam, measurement of temperature of, [98].
- Stefan-Boltzmann, fourth-power law, [139].
- Stone, pyrometer, [209].
- Surface temperatures, measurement of, [97].
- Suspended-coil galvanometers, [45-48].
- Temperature differences, measurement of, [99].
- — scales, [7-9].
- — fixed points of, [16-17].
- Thermal junctions, changes in, [29].
- — — choice of metals for, [21].
- — — E.M.F., developed by, [31].
- — — methods of joining, [26].
- — — used in pyrometers, [27].
- Thermo-electric circuits, [22].
- — pyrometers, [20].
- — — calibration curves for, [59].
- — — for surface temperatures, [97].
- Thermo-electric circuits, indicators for, [45-53].
- — — management of, [91].
- — — practical forms of, [32].
- — — recorders for, [75-87].
- — — standardization of, [54].
- Thermodynamic scale of temperatures, [ 9].
- Thermometer, constant volume gas, [11].
- — mercury, [ 1].
- Thermophones, [220].
- Thread recorder, [78].
- Uehling, pyrometer, [218].
- Uni-pivot galvanometer, [49].
- Vapour-pressure pyrometers, [217].
- Wanner, optical pyrometer, [178].
- Water-cooled cold junction, [33].
- Water equivalent of calorimeter, [200].
- “Water” pyrometer, [201].
- Water-jet pyrometer, [217].
- Watkin, heat recorder, [207].
- Wedge pyrometer, [190].
- Wedgwood, pyrometer, [211].
- — test-pieces, [205].
- Wheatstone bridge for measuring resistance, [104-114].
- Whipple, indicator, [120].
- Whipple-Féry, pyrometer, [154].
- Wiborgh, gas pyrometer, [219].
- — thermophones, [220].
- Wien, luminosity law, [171].
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Transcriber's Notes:
The cover image was created by the transcriber, and is in the public domain.