[1] Al Makkari, ii., App. 28. Author quoted by De Gayangos: The Moslems in the eleventh century "began to drink wine and commit all manner of excesses. The rulers of Andalus thought of nothing else than purchasing singing-women and slaves, listening to their music, and passing the time in revelry and mirth."
[2] Kor. v. 93—"Surely wine, lots, and images are an abomination of the work of Satan ... avoid them."
[3] Al Makkari, ii. p. 171.
[4] Cardonne, i. p. 252.
[5] Al Makkari, i. p. 108; ii. p. 171.
[6] Yonge, "Moors in Spain," p. 71.
[7] Sale, Koran, Introduc., p. 122. (Chandos Classics.)
[8] Al Makkari, ii. p. 109. In 678 Yezid, son of Muawiyah, was objected to as a drunkard, a lover of music, and a wearer of silk. See Ockley, p. 358. (Chandos Classics.)
[9] Al Makkari, i. p. 236.
[10] Ibid., p. 241.