[9]. Ib.
[10]. Baldwin’s Dictionary, art. Individual: “Everything whose identity consists in a continuity of reactions will be a single logical individual.”
[11]. The personal relations between Peirce and Wright were thus described by Peirce in a letter to Mrs. Ladd-Franklin (Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 13, p. 719): “It must have been about 1857 when I first made the acquaintance of Chauncey Wright, a mind about on the level of J. S. Mill. He was a thorough mathematician. He had a most penetrating intellect.—He and I used to have long and very lively and close disputations lasting two or three hours daily for many years. In the sixties I started a little club called ‘The Metaphysical Club.’—Wright was the strongest member and probably I was next.—Then there were Frank Abbott, William James and others.” “It was there that the name and the doctrine of pragmatism saw the light.” It might be added that Peirce’s tychism is indebted to Wright’s doctrine of accidents and “cosmic weather,” a doctrine which maintained against LaPlace that a mind knowing nature from moment to moment is bound to encounter genuine novelty in phenomena, which no amount of knowledge would enable us to foresee. See Wright’s Philosophical Discussions—1876, also Cambridge Hist. of American Literature, Vol. 3, p. 234.
[12]. Monist, Vol. 15, p. 180.
[13]. This volume, pp. [43]-45.
[14]. “To say that we live for the sake of action would be to say that there is no such thing as a rational purport.” Monist, Vol. XV, p. 175.
[15]. The letter to Mrs. Ladd-Franklin quoted before, explains why James, though always loyal to Peirce and anxious to give him credit whenever possible, could not understand the latter’s lectures on pragmatism. Peirce’s incidental judgments on others is worth quoting here:
“Modern psychologists are so soaked with sensationalism that they cannot understand anything that does not mean that. How can I, to whom nothing seems so thoroughly real as generals, and who regards Truth and Justice as literally the most powerful powers in the world, expect to be understood by the thoroughgoing Wundtian? But the curious thing is to see absolute idealists tainted with this disease,—or men who, like John Dewey, hover between Absolute Idealism and Sensationalism. Royce’s opinions as developed in his World and Individualism are extremely near to mine. His insistence on the elements of purpose in intellectual concepts is essentially the pragmatic position.”
[16]. Baldwin’s Dictionary, art. Method.
[17]. “Peirce anticipated the most important procedures of his successors even when he did not work them out himself. Again and again one finds the clue to the most recent developments in the writings of Peirce,” Lewis’ Survey of Symbolic Logic, p. 79.