Now, a person who denies this result may admit the rule, and, in that case, he must deny the case. Thus:
Denial of Result.—Enoch and Elijah were not mortal.
Rule.—All men are mortal.
∴ Denial of Case.—Enoch and Elijah were not men.
This kind of syllogism is called Baroco, which is the typical mood of the second figure. On the other hand, the person who denies the result may admit the case, and in that case he must deny the rule. Thus:
Denial of the Result.—Enoch and Elijah were not mortal.
Case.—Enoch and Elijah were men.
∴ Denial of the Rule.—Some men are not mortal.
This kind of syllogism is called Bocardo, which is the typical mood of the third figure.
Baroco and Bocardo are, of course, deductive syllogisms; but of a very peculiar kind. They are called by logicians indirect moods, because they need some transformation to appear as the application of a rule to a particular case. But if, instead of setting out as we have here done with a necessary deduction in Barbara, we take a probable deduction of similar form, the indirect moods which we shall obtain will be—