[vi] As if under the shadow of coming death.

[vii] The Viking ship of war, or "long ship".

[viii] The usual Scandinavian and Danish greeting: "Health".

[ix] After expulsion from his bishopric of York by King Egfrid.

[x] Mail shirt.

[xi] The fine allowed as penalty for killing an adversary in a quarrel, or by mischance. The penalty for wilful murder was death.

[xii] Nidring, niddering, or nithing, may be beet expressed by "worthless ". It was the extreme term of reproach to a Saxon.

[xiii] The "Lodbrokar-Quida", which is still in existence. By some authorities Ragnar is said to have been the father of Ingvar and Hubba, but the dates are most uncertain.

[xiv] "The Fates" of the Northern mythology.

[xv] St. Ansgar, or Ansgarius, built the first church in Denmark at Hedeby, now Slesvig, in 840 A.D.