The Chautauquan, Vol. 04, October 1883

by Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle; Chautauqua Institution

4. Y is like i in the same situation.

5. Æ and æ like e in the same situation.

6. If a syllable end in a consonant the vowel has the short English sound.

7. E, in final es, like e in Andes.

RULES FOR CONSONANTS.

1. C, before e, i, y, æ, œ, is pronounced like s; before a, o, and u, and before consonants, like k.

2. G, before e, i, y, æ, and œ, or another g followed by e, has the sound of j; before a, o and u, and consonants other than g, the hard sound.

3. Ch is like k, but is silent before a mute at the beginning of a word.

4. Initial x is like z.

5. T, s, and c, before ia, ie, ii, io, iv, and ev, preceded immediately by the accent, change into sh and zh; but when the t follows s, t, or z, or when the accent falls on the first of the vowels following, the consonant preserves its pure sound.