A Critical Exposition of the Popular 'Jihád' / Showing that all the Wars of Mohammad Were Defensive; and / that Aggressive War, or Compulsory Conversion, is not / Allowed in The Koran - 1885

by Cherágh Ali

[303] Vide Ainee's Commentary of the Hedaya, Vol. II, Part II, p. 790.

[304] Vide Ainee's Commentary of the Hedaya, Vol. II, Part II, p. 798.

[305] Vide Kázee Budrudeen Mahmood bin Ahmed Ainee's (who died in 855 A.H.) Commentary on the Hedaya called Binayah, and generally known by the name of Ainee, Vol. II, pp. 789-90, "Book of Institute."

[306] The Modern Egyptians, by Edward William Lane; Vol. I, p. 117, note: fifth edition, London, 1871.

[307] Muir's Life of Mahomet, Vol. IV, pp. 251-252.

[308] The Early Caliphate and Rise of Islam, being the Rede Lecture for 1881, delivered before the University of Cambridge by Sir William Muir, K.C.S.I., LL.D., page 5, London, 1881.

[309] The History and Conquests of the Saracens, by Edward. A. Freeman, D.C.L., LL.D., pp. 41-42; London, 1877.

[310] Christianity and Islam; The Bible and the Koran; by the Rev. W.R.W. Stephens, London, 1877, pp. 98-99.

[311] Vide paras. 17, 29, 126.

[312] Mohammed and Mohammedanism. Lectures delivered at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in February and March 1874, by R. Bosworth Smith, M.A., Second Edition, page 137; London, 1876.