Sale ... "Fight."
Rodwell ... "Contend earnestly."
Palmer ... "Be strenuous."
(34) Ibid, 58.
47. "And the faithful will say, 'Are these they who swore by God their (Jahda) utmost oath that they were surely on your side?' Vain their works; and they themselves shall come to ruin."
Sale ... "Most firm."
Rodwell ... "Most solemn."
Palmer ... "Most strenuous."
(35) Ibid, 59.
48. "O ye who believe! should any of you desert his religion, God will then raise up a people whom He loveth, and who love Him, lowly towards the faithful, lofty to the unbelievers (Yojáhidoona) striving in the path of God, and not fearing the blame of the blamer. This is the Grace of God; on whom He will He bestoweth it, and God is all-embracing, Omniscient!"
Sale ... "They shall fight for the religion of God."
Rodwell ... "For the cause of God will they contend."
Palmer ... "Strenuous in the way of God."
Jihád does not mean the waging of war.
49. These are all the verses of the Koran which contain the word "Jahd" or "Jihád," or any derivations from them. I believe that I have clearly shown by means of a careful comparison between the translators and commentators and the original passages in the Koran, that the word Jahd or Jihád in the classical Arabic and as used in the Koran does not mean waging war or fighting, but only to do one's utmost and to exert, labour or toil. The meaning which has come to be ascribed to the word is undoubtedly a conventional one, and is one that has been applied to it at a period much less recent than the revelation of the various chapters of the Koran.
Katal and Kitál.