Page 447 761b. Southern Robin. Planesticus migratorius achrusterus. Range.--The Carolinas and Georgia. The eggs of this bird, which is said to be smaller and duller colored than the northern variety, show no differences in any respect. 762. San Lucas Robin. Planesticus confinis. Range.--Southern Lower California. This is a very much paler form of the American Robin; its eggs probably will not differ from those of the others.
NEST AND EGGS OF ROBIN.




Page 448




 Wheatear. 763. Varied Thrush. Ixoreus nævius nævius. Range.--Pacific coast from northern California to Alaska; south to Mexico in winter. Greenish blue. These handsome birds breed abundantly in Alaska and locally in mountain ranges south to northern California. They nest at low elevations in trees, making them of moss, twigs, weeds and grasses, forming a flat shallow structure. Their eggs are greenish blue sharply but sparingly spotted with dark brown; size 1.12 × .80. Data.--Delta of Kowak River, Alaska, June 11, 1899. Four eggs. Nest 12 feet from the ground, against the trunk of a slender spruce and supported by a clump of stiff twigs. 763a. Northern Varied Thrush. Ixoreus nævius meruloides. Range.--Interior of western North America, breeding from British Columbia to Alaska. Its habits and eggs do not differ from those of the last. 764. Siberian Red-spotted Bluethroat. Cyanosylvia suecica robusta. Range.--Northern Asia; casually to Alaska. This beautiful foreigner nests on the ground and lays four to six greenish blue eggs, spotted with reddish brown; size .75 × .50. 765. Wheatear. Saxicola œnanthe œnanthe. Range.--Asia; casual in Alaska in summer; nesting habits and eggs like the next. 765a. Greenland Wheatear. Saxicola œnanthe leucorhoa. Pale greenish blue. Range.--Europe and Greenland; casual on the Atlantic coast of North America. This very abundant Old World species is a common breeding bird in Greenland and probably also in Labrador. They nest in crevices of quarries, holes in the ground, or stone walls, making a rude nest of weeds, moss or grasses, lined with hair or feathers, and during May lay from four to six pale greenish blue eggs; size .90 × .60.
Page 449
BLUEBIRD.
Page 450





 766. Bluebird. Sialia sialis sialis. Bluebird. Range.--Eastern United States, breeding from the Gulf to southern Canada. Winters in the southern half of the United States. Bluish white. These familiar birds build in cavities in trees, usually below 20 feet from the ground, crevices among ledges, bird boxes and in any suitable nook they may discover about buildings, providing that English Sparrows do not molest them. They raise several broods a year, commencing in April when they lay from three to six pale bluish white eggs (rarely pure white); size .80 × .60. The cavities of their nesting sites are lined with grasses and feathers usually, although I have found the eggs on the unlined bottom of cavities in trees. 766a. Azure Bluebird. Sialia sialis fulva. Range.--This pale variety is found in southern Arizona and southward. Its nesting habits are the same and the eggs are indistinguishable from the last. [Illustration: ] 767. Western Bluebird. Sialia mexicana occidentalis. Range.--Pacific coast from Lower California to British Columbia. The Western Bluebird is as common and familiar in its range as the common Bluebird is in the east. It nests in similar locations and its eggs are scarcely distinguishable, although averaging a trifle darker in shade; size .80 × .60. 767a. Chestnut-backed Bluebird. Sialia mexicana bairdi. Range.--Rocky Mountain region from Mexico to Wyoming. The nesting habits or eggs of this brighter colored bird do not differ from those of the last species. 767b. San Pedro Bluebird. Sialia mexicana anabelæ. Range.--San Pedro Martir Mountains in Lower California. The eggs of this variety will not in all probability be any different from those of the preceding Bluebirds. 768. Mountain Bluebird. Sialia currucoides. Range.--Rocky Mountain region, breeding from New Mexico north to Great Slave Lake; winters in southwestern United States and Mexico. This azure blue species is common in the greater part of its range and is found west to the Sierra Nevadas in California. Like the eastern Bluebird they nest in holes in trees or anywhere that they can find a suitable cavity or crevice. Their eggs are slightly larger than those of the other Bluebirds and have a slight greenish tint; size .85 × .64.

INDEX

Page 451 Acanthis hornemanni............... [328] " exilipes........ [328] linaria......................... [329] " holbœli.................. [329] " rostrata................. [329]Acanthopneuste borealis........... [430]Accipiter cooperi................. [205] velox........................... [204]Actitis macularia................. [158]Æchmophorus occidentalis.......... [11]Æegialitis dubia.................. [166] hiaticula....................... [166] meloda.......................... [166] mongola......................... [167] nivosa.......................... [167] semipalmata..................... [165]Aeronautes melanoleucus........... [270]Æstrelata fisheri................. [67] hasitata........................ [67] scalaris........................ [67]Aethia cristatella................ [25] " pygmaea.................... [25] " pusilla.................... [26]Agelaius gubernator californicus.. [317] phœniceus....................... [316] " bryanti............... [316] " caurinus.............. [316] " floridanus............ [316] " fortis................ [316] " neutralis............. [316] " sonoriensis........... [316] tricolor........................ [317]Aimophila carpalis................ [353] ruficeps........................ [353] " eremœca................ [353] " scotti................. [353] " sororia................ [353]Aix sponsa........................ [95]Ajaja ajaja....................... [115]Alauda arvensis................... [297]Alaudidæ.......................... [297]Albatross, Black-footed........... [59] Laysan.......................... [60] Short-tailed.................... [59] Sooty........................... [60] Yellow-nosed.................... [60]Alca torda........................ [31]Alcedinidæ........................ [247]Alcidæ............................ [21]Alle alle......................... [34]Aluconidæ......................... [227]Alucopratincola................... [227] Amzillis cerviniventris chalconota [279] tzacatl......................... [278]Ammodramus bairdi................. [338] savannarum australis............ [338] " bimaculatus.......... [338] " floridanus........... [340]Amphispiza belli.................. [351] nevadensis cinerea.............. [352] " nevadensis........... [352] bilineata bilineata............. [351] " deserticola........... [351]Anas platyrhynchos................ [88] fulvigula fulvigula............. [90] " maculosa.............. [91] rubripes........................ [90]Anatidæ........................... [87]Anhinga........................... [77] anhinga......................... [77]Anhingidæ......................... [77]Ani............................... [241] Grove-billed.................... [243]Anous stolidus.................... [57]Anser albifrons albifrons......... [108] " gambeli........... [108] fabalis......................... [108]Anseres........................... [87]Anthus cervinus................... [419] pratensis....................... [418] rubescens....................... [418] spraguei........................ [419]Antrostomus carolinensis.......... [263] vociferus vociferus............. [263] " macromystax........... [264]Aphelocoma californica californica [307]Aphelocoma californica hypoleuca.. [307] " obscura.... [307] cyanea.......................... [306] cyanotis........................ [307] insularis....................... [307] sieberi arizonæ................. [307] " couchi.................. [308] texana.......................... [307] woodhousei...................... [306]Aphriza virgata................... [169]Aphrizidæ......................... [169]Aquila chrysætos.................. [215]Aramidæ........................... [129]Aramus vociferus.................. [129]Archibuteo ferrugineus............ [215] lagopus sancti-johannis......... [214]Archilochus alexandri............. [273] " colubris.............. [273]
Page 452 Arctonetta fischeri............... [102]Ardea cinerea..................... [122] " herodias.................... [121] " fannini............ [121] " wardi.............. [122] " occidentalis................ [121]Ardeidæ........................... [119]Arenaria interpres interpres...... [169] melanocephala................... [170] morinella....................... [169]Arquatella maritima couesi........ [146] ptilocnemis..................... [147] maritima maritima............... [146]Arremonops rufivirgatus........... [357]Asio accipitrinus................. [229] " flammeus..................... [229] " wilsonianus.................. [227]Astragalinus lawrencei............ [331] psaltria psaltria............... [331] tristis tristis................. [329] " pallidus................ [331] " salicamans.............. [331]Astur atricapillus atricapillus... [205] " striatulus..... [207]Asturina plagiata................. [214]Asyndesmus lewisi................. [257]Atthis morcomi.................... [278]Auk, Great...................... [33]-[32] Razor-billed.................... [31]Auklet, Cassin's.................. [24] Crested......................... [26] Least........................... [27] Paroquet........................ [26] Rhinoceros...................... [23] Whiskered....................... [26]Auriparus flaviceps flaviceps..... [439] " lamprocephalus.. [439]Avocet............................ [139]Bæolophus atricristatus atricrista-
tus.......................... [433] bicolor......................... [433] inornatus inornatus............. [434] " cineraceus............ [434] " griseus............... [434] wollweberi...................... [434]Baldpate.......................... [92]Bartramia longicauda.............. [156]Basilinna leucotis................ [279] xantusi......................... [279]Becard, Xantus's.................. [280]Bittern........................... [119] Cory's Least.................... [120] Least........................... [120]Blackbird, Bicolored.............. [317] Brewer's........................ [322] Red-winged...................... [316] Rusty........................... [322] 		Tricolored...................... [317] Yellow-headed................... [315]Bluebird.......................... [448] Azure........................... [448] Chestnut-backed................. [450] Mountain........................ [450] San Pedro....................... [450] Western......................... [450]Bluethroat Siberian Red-spotted... [448]Bobolink.......................... [314]Bob-white......................... [175] Florida......................... [175] Masked.......................... [175] Texan........................... [175]Bombycilla cedrorum............... [375] garrula......................... [375]Bombycillidæ...................... [375]Bonasa umbellus umbellus.......... [180] " sabini............ [182] " togata............ [182] " umbelloides....... [182]Booby............................. [75] Blue-faced...................... [74] Blue-footed..................... [74] Brewster's...................... [75] Red-footed...................... [75]Botaurus lentiginosus............. [119]Brachyramphus brevirostris........ [27] craveri's....................... [28] hypoleucus...................... [27] marmoratus...................... [27]Brant............................. [111] Black........................... [111]Branta bernicla glaucogastra...... [111] canadensis canadensis........... [109] " hutchinsi............ [109] " minima............... [109] " occidentalis......... [109] leucopsis....................... [112]Branta nigricans.................. [111]Bubo virginianus virginianus...... [235] " elachistus....... [237] " pacificus........ [235] " pallescens....... [235] " saturatus........ [235] " subarticus....... [235]Budytes flavus alascensis......... [418]Buffle-head....................... [100]Bullfinch, Cassin's............... [325]Bulweria bulweri.................. [67]Bunting, Beautiful................ [367] Indigo.......................... [366] Lark............................ [369] Lazuli.......................... [366] McKay's Snow.................... [333] Painted......................... [367] Pribilof Snow................... [332]
Page 453 Snow............................ [332] Varied.......................... [367]Bush-Tit.......................... [437] California...................... [438] Grinda's........................ [438] Lead-colored.................... [438] Lloyd's......................... [438]Buteo abbreviatus................. [211] albicaudatus sennetti........... [212] borealis borealis............... [208] " calurus..................... [208] " harlani..................... [209] " krideri..................... [208] brachyurus...................... [213] lineatus lineatus............... [209] " alleni...................... [209] " elegans..................... [211] platypterus..................... [213] swainsoni....................... [212]Buteonidæ......................... [201]Butorides virescens virescens..... [124] " anthonyi............ [125] " frazari............. [125]Buzzard, Turkey................... [199]Calamospiza melanocorys........... [369]Calcarius lapponicus lapponicus... [333] " alascensis......... [333] ornatus......................... [334] pictus.......................... [334]Calidris leucophæa................ [151]Callichelidon cyaneoviridis....... [374]Callothrus robustus...............
Callipepla squamata squamata...... [176] " castanogastris...... [177]Calothorax lucifer................ [278]Calypte anna...................... [275] costæ........................... [275]Campephilus principalis........... [249] labradorius..................... [101]Camptostoma imberbe............... [296]Canachites canadensis canadensis.. [179] " canace............. [179] " osgoodi............ [179] franklini....................... [180]Canvas-back....................... [97]Caprimulgidæ...................... [263]Caracara, Audubon................. [224] Guadalupe....................... [224]Cardellina rubrifrons............. [417]Cardinal.......................... [363] Arizona......................... [363] Florida......................... [364] Gray-tailed..................... [364] San Lucas....................... [363]Cardinalis cardinalis cardinalis.. [363] " canicaudus......... [364] " floridanus.......... [364] 		Cardinalis igneus................. [363] " superbus........... [363]Carpodacus amplus................. [326] cassini......................... [326] mcgregori....................... [326] mexicanus clementis............. [326] " frontalis.......... [326] " ruberrimus........ [326]purpureus purpureus............... [325] " californicus........ [325]Casarca ferruginea................ [93]Catbird........................... [420]Catharista urubu.................. [199]Cathartes aura septentrionalis.... [199]Cathartidæ........................ [198]Catherpes mexicanus albifrons..... [424] " conspersus.......... [425] " punctulatus......... [425]Catoptrophorus semipalmatus semi-
palmatus..................... [155] semipalmatus inornatus.......... [156]Centrocercus urophasianus......... [188]Centurus aurifrons................ [258] carolinus....................... [257] uropygialis..................... [258]Cepphus columba................... [29] grylle.......................... [28] mandti.......................... [29]Cerorhinca monocerata............. [23]Certhia familiaris albescens...... [430] " americana............. [430] " montana............... [430]Certhia familiaris occidentalis... [430] " zelotes................ [430]Certhiidæ......................... [430]Ceryle alcyon..................... [247] americana septentrionalis....... [249] torquata........................ [247]Chachalaca........................ [191]Chæmepelia passerina terrestris... [195] " pallescens......... [195] " bermudiana......... [195]Chætura pelagica.................. [269] vauxi........................... [270]Chamæa fasciata fasciata.......... [437] " henshawi................ [437]Chamæthlypis poliocephala......... [413]Charadriidæ....................... [161]Charadrius apricarius............. [163] dominicus dominicus............. [163] " fulvus...................... [163]Charitonetta albeola.............. [100]Chat, Long-tailed................. [413] Yellow-breasted................. [413]Chaulelasmus streperus............ [91]Chen cærulescens.................. [107] hyperboreus hyperboreus......... [107]
Page 454 Chen hyperboreus Nivalis.......... [107] rossi........................... [108]Chewink........................... [358]Chickadee......................... [434] Acadian......................... [436] Alaska.......................... [436] Barlow's........................ [437] California...................... [437] Carolina........................ [435] Chestnut-backed................. [437] Hudsonian....................... [436] Long-tailed..................... [435] Mexican......................... [435] Mountain........................ [435] Oregon.......................... [435] Plumbeous....................... [435]Chondestes grammacus grammacus.... [342] strigatus....................... [342]Chordeiles acutipennis texensis... [268] virginianus virginianus......... [266] " chapmani................... [266] " henryi...................... [266] " sennetti.................... [268]Chuck-will's widow................ [263]Ciconiidæ......................... [118]Cinclidæ.......................... [419]Cinclus mexicanus unicolor........ [419]Circus hudsonius.................. [204]Cistothorus stellaris............. [428]Clangula clangula americana....... [99] islandica....................... [99]Coccyges.......................... [241]Coccyzus americanus americanus.... [244] " occidentalis.......... [246] erythrophthalmus................ [246]Cœreba bahamensis................. [385]Cœrebidæ.......................... [385] minor minor..................... [244] " maynardi.................... [244]Colaptes auratus auratus.......... [258] " luteus................ [259] cafer collaris.................. [259]Colaptes cafer saturatior......... [259] chrysoides...................... [262] rufipileus...................... [262]Colinus ridgwayi.................. [175] virginianus..................... [175] " floridanus.................. [175] " texanus.................... [175]Columba fasciata fasciata......... [192] " vioscæ................. [192] flavirostris.................... [192] leucocephala.................... [192] squamosa........................ [192]Columba........................... [192]Columbæ........................... [192]Columbidæ......................... [192] Colymbidæ......................... [11]Colymbus auritus.................. [13] dominicus brachypterus.......... [15] holbœlli........................ [11] nigricollis californicus........ [13]Compsothlypis americana ameri
cana......................... [390] americana usneæ................. [390] nigrilora....................... [391]Conuropsis carolinensis........... [241]Coot.............................. [136] European........................ [136]Cormorant......................... [79] Baird's......................... [82] Brandt's........................ [82] Double-crested.................. [79] Farallon........................ [81] Florida......................... [81] Mexican......................... [81] Pelagic......................... [82] Red-faced....................... [82] Violet-green.................... [82] White-crested................... [81]Corvidæ........................... [300]Corvus brachyrhynchos brachy-
rhynchos.................. [312] brachyrhynchos pascuus.......... [312] corax principalis............... [311] " sinuatus............... [311] cryptoleucus.................... [311] ossifragus...................... [312]Cotingidæ......................... [280]Cowbird........................... [314] Dwarf........................... [315] Red-eyed........................ [315]Cracidæ........................... [191]Crake, Corn....................... [135] Spotted......................... [133]Crane, Little Brown............... [127] Sandhill........................ [129] Whooping........................ [127]Creciscus jamaicensis............. [134] coturniculus.................... [134]Creeper, Brown.................... [430] California...................... [430] Mexican......................... [430] Rocky Mountain.................. [430] Sierra.......................... [430]Crex Crex......................... [135]Crossbill......................... [327] Mexican......................... [327] White-winged.................... [327]Crotophaga ani.................... [241] sulcirostris.................... [243]Crow.............................. [312] Carrion......................... [199] Fish............................ [312]
Page 455 Florida......................... [312]Cryptoglaux funerea richardsoni... [232] acadica acadica................. [232] " scotæa...................... [232]Cuckoo, Black-billed.............. [246] California...................... [246] Kamchatka........................ [246] Mangrove........................ [244] Maynard's....................... [244] Yellow-billed................... [244]Cuculidæ.......................... [241]Cuculus canorus telephonus........ [246]Curlew, Bristle-thighed........... [160] Eskimo.......................... [160] Hudsonian....................... [159] Long-billed..................... [159]Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus....... [313]Cyanolæmus clemenciæ.............. [271]Cyanocitta cristata cristata...... [303] " florincola.......... [303] stelleri stelleri............... [303] " annectens................... [306] " carlottæ.................... [306] " diademata................... [303] " frontalis................... [303]Cyanosylvia suecica robusta....... [448]Cyanthus latirostris.............. [279]Cypseloides niger borealis........ [268]Cyrtonyx montezumæ mearnsi........ [178]Dafila acuta...................... [94]Daption capense................... [67]Darters........................... [77]Dendragapus obscurus obscurus..... [178] " fuliginosus........ [178] " richardsoni....... [179]Dendrocygna autumnalis............ [113] bicolor......................... [113]Dendroica æstiva æstiva........... [392] " rubiginosa........... [392] " sonorana............ [292] auduboni auduboni............... [395] " nigrifrons.................. [395] bryanti castaneiceps............ [394] castanea........................ [398] cærulea......................... [396] cærulescens cærulescens........, [394] " cairnsi..................... [394] chrysoparia..................... [402] coronata........................ [395] discolor........................ [407] dominica albilora............... [401] dominica dominica............... [401] fusca........................... [399] graciæ.......................... [401] kirtlandi....................... [404] magnolia........................ [396] nigrescens...................... [402] occidentalis.................... [404] palmarum palmarum............... [405] " hypochrysea................. [405] pensylvanica.................... [398] striata......................... [399] tigrina......................... [391] townsendi....................... [403] vigorsi......................... [405] virens.......................... [403]Dichromanassa rufescens........... [123]Dickcissel........................ [368]Diomedea albatrus................. [59] immutabilis..................... [60] nigripes........................ [59]Diomedeidæ........................ [59]Dipper............................ [419]Dolichonyx oryzivorus............. [314]Dotterel.......................... [161]Dove, Bermuda Ground.............. [195] Blue-headed Quail............... [196] Ground.......................... [195] Inca............................ [196] Key West Quail.................. [196] Mexican Ground.................. [195] Mourning........................ [193] Ruddy Quail..................... [196] White-fronted................... [195] White-winged.................... [195] Zenaida......................... [194]Dovekie........................... [34]Dowitcher......................... [144] Long-billed..................... [145]Dryobates arizonæ................. [252] borealis........................ [252] nuttalli........................ [252] pubescens pubescens............. [251] " gairdneri.................. [251] " homorus.................... [251] " medianus................... [251] " nelsoni.................... [251] " turati...................... [251] scalaris bairdi................. [252] " lucasanus.................. [252] villosus villosus............... [250] " auduboni.................... [250] " harrisi..................... [250] " hyloscopus................. [250] " leucomelas................. [250] " monticola.................. [250] " picoideus.................. [250]Duck, Black....................... [90] Florida......................... [90] Harlequin....................... [101] Labrador........................ [101] Lesser Scaup.................... [98] Masked.......................... [106] Mottled......................... [91]