[2] Geschichte der Philosophie, vol. iii, part ii, p. 583 ff. [↑]
[3] The figures before each point of comparison do not exit in the original German; I have inserted them in the translation in order to facilitate the references to these different points of comparison. [↑]
[4] Comp. Diog. Laert. de Vitis Philosophorum, lib. viii. Vit. Pythagor. xii. It is true that Cicero represents Cotta as giving no credit to this story, because, as [[18]]he apprehends, Pythagoras never offered animal sacrifices (De Natura Deorum, lib. iii. cap. xxxvi.), but it is also related by Athenaeus (Deipnosoph. lib. x.), Plutarch and others. [↑]
[5] An excellent account of the Pythagorean system is given by Zeller, Geschichte der Philosophie. Erster Theil, Tübingen, 1856, pp. 206–365; Grote, History of Greece, vol. iv. London, 1857, pp. 527–553; and Mason, in Smith’s Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, Article Pythagoras. [↑]
[6] R. Nathan, the Babylonian as he is called, was Vice-President of the College in Palestine, under the Presidency of Simon III. b. Gamaliel II. A.D. 140. The above-quoted work of which he is the reputed author, as indicated by its title, אבות דרבי נתן i.e. the Aboth of R. Nathan, is a compilation of the apothegms and moral sayings of the Jewish fathers (אבות), interspersed with traditional explanations of divers texts of Scripture, consisting of forty-one chapters. Both the historian and moral philosopher will find this work an important contribution to the literary and philosophical history of antiquity. It is printed in the different editions of the Talmud, and has also been published separately with various commentaries, in Venice, 1622: Amsterdam, 1778, &c., &c.; and a Latin translation of it was published by our learned countryman, Francis Taylor, under the title of R. Nathanis Tractatus de Patribus, latine cum Notis. London, 1654, 4to. Comp. Zunz, Die gottesdienstlichen Vorträge der Juden. Berlin, 1832, p.p. 108, 109; Fürst, Kultur- und Literaturgeschichte der Juden in Asien. Leipzig, 1849, p. 16 ff; by the same author, Bibliotheca Judaica, volume iii. Leipzig, 1863, p. 19 ff; Steinschneider, Catalogus Libr. Hebr. in Bibliotheca Bodleiana col. 2,032 ff. [↑]
[7] For the passages embodying the sentiments of the Essenes, which constitute the above comparisons, we must refer to the second part of this Essay and the notes. [↑]
[8] Compare the account of Philo, p. 36; Pliny, p. 40; Josephus, p. 52; in the second part of this Essay. [↑]
[9] This prophecy is given in full in the second part of this Essay, p. 50. [↑]
[10] Zeitschrift für die religiösen Interessen des Judenthums. Berlin, 1856, p. 449. [↑]
[11] Geschichte des Judenthums und seiner Secten, vol. 1, Leipzig, 1857, p. 207. [↑]