a stone, cognate with the Lat. saxum; e.g. Sachsa (the stony water in the neighbourhood of quarries); Sasso, in Italy (the stone or tomb); Sassoferrato (the fortified rock); Sassuolo (the little rock or stone), in Italy; but these words, either as prefixes or affixes, in topography generally indicate places belonging to the Saxons, who were so called from the seax, a kind of sword which they used in warfare; thus Sachsenberg, Sachsenburg, Sachsenheim, Sachsendorf, Sassetot, denote the dwellings of the Saxons; Saxony, in Germany (peopled by Saxons); Sussex, Essex, and Wessex (the south, east, and west districts of the Saxons), in England; Saxby (the Saxons’ town), in Lincoln; Saxlingham (the home of the descendants of the Saxons), in Norfolk; Sassenberg (the Saxons’ hill), in Westphalia.
SCALE, SKALI (Scand.),
SHEAL, SHEALING (Scotch),
a hut or shed; e.g. Scalby and Scaleby (hut town); Scalloway (the huts on the bay, vig), in Shetland; Galashiels (the huts on the R. Gala); Biggarshiels (the huts near the town of Biggar); Larbert, Co. Stirling, formerly Lairbert-scheills (the huts of a man named Lairbert); North and South Shields, originally a collection of fishermen’s huts; but as scald, in the Scandinavian language, means a bard—that word is likely to have formed an element in place-names. Scaldwell is probably the bard’s well; Skalholt, in Iceland, may be the bard’s hill.
SCAM (Old Ger.),
little; e.g. Schambach, Schamach (the little stream).
SCHANZE (Ger.),
a bulwark; e.g. Rheinschanze (the bulwark of the Rhine); Hochschanze (high bulwark).
SCHEIDE (Ger.),
a watershed, from scheiden, to divide; e.g. Lennscheide, Remschede, Nettenscheide (the watershed of the Rivers Lenn, Rems, and Nette); but this word sometimes means a place separated by an enclosure from the surrounding land, as in Scheidhof (the separated or enclosed court); Scheidlehen (the separated fief).
SCHENKE (Ger.),