CEOSEL (A.S.),
sand, gravel; e.g. Chesil (the sand-hill), in Dorset; Chiselhurst (the thicket at the sand-bank); Chiseldon (sand-hill); Chiselborough (the fort at the sand-bank); Winchelsea, corrupt. from Gwent-ceoseley (the sand-bank on the fair plain, gwent), or, according to another etymology, named after Wincheling, the son of Cissa, the first king of the South Saxons; Chiswick (sandy bay), on the Thames.
CERRIG (Welsh),
a heap of stones; e.g. Cerrig-y-Druidion (the Druids’ stones); Cerrig-y-Pryfaed (the crag of the teachers), probably the Druids, in Wales.
CHEP, CHEAP, CHIPPING (Teut.),
KIOPING, KIOBING,
a place of merchandise, from A.S. ceapan, Ger. kaufen (to buy); e.g. Chepstow, Chippenham, Cheapside (the market-place or town); Chipping-Norton and Chipping-Sodbury (the north and south market-town); Chippinghurst (the market at the wood or thicket); Copenhagen, Dan. Kioben-havn (the haven for merchandise); Lidkioping (the market-place on the R. Lid); Linkioping, anc. Longakopungar (long market-town), in Sweden; Arroeskiœbing (the market-place in the island of Arroe); Nykoping, in Funen, and Nykjobing, in Falster, Denmark (new market-place). The Copeland Islands on the Irish coast (the islands of merchandise), probably used as a storehouse by the Danish invaders; Copmansthorpe (the village of traders), in Yorkshire; Nordköping (north market), in Sweden; Kaufbeuren (market-place), in Bavaria; Sydenham, in Kent, formerly Cypenham (market-place).
CHLUM (Sclav.),
a hill, cognate with the Lat. culmen, transposed by the Germans into kulm and sometimes into golm; e.g. Kulm, in W. Prussia (a town on a hill); Kulm, on the R. Saale; Chlumek, Chlumetz, Golmitz, Golmüz (the little hill).
CILL (Gadhelic),
CELL (Cym.-Cel.), from
CELLA (Lat.), and in the Provence languages,
CELLA, CELLULE,
a cell, a burying-ground, a church; in Celtic topography, kil or kel; e.g. Kilbride (the cell or church of St. Bridget), frequent in Ireland and Scotland; Kildonan (of St. Donan); Kilkerran (of St. Kieran); Kilpeter (of St. Peter); Kilcattan (of St. Chattan); Kilmichael, Kilmarnock, Kilmarten, Kelpatrick, Kilbrandon (the churches dedicated to St. Michael, St. Marnock, St. Martin, St. Patrick, St. Brandon); Kilmaurs, Kilmorick, Kilmurry (St. Mary’s church); I Columkil or Iona (the island of Columba’s church); Kilwinning (St. Vimen’s church); Kilkenny (of St. Canice); Kilbeggan, in Ireland, and Kilbucho, in Peeblesshire (the church of St. Bega); Kil-Fillan (of St. Fillan); Killaloe, anc. Cill-Dalua (the church of St. Dalua); Killarney, Irish Cill-airneadh (the church of the sloes)—the ancient name of the lake was Lough Leane, from a famous artificer who lived on its shores; Killin, i.e. Cill-Fhinn (the burying-ground of Finn, which is still pointed out); Kilmany (the church on the mossy ground, moine); Kilmelfort, Cel. Cill-na-maol-phort (the church on the bald haven); Kilmore generally means the great church, but Kilmore, Co. Cork, is from Coillmhor (great wood), and in many places in Ireland and Scotland it is difficult to determine whether the root of the names is cill or coill; Kildare, from Cill-dara (the cell of the oak blessed by St. Bridget); Kilmun, in Argyleshire, is named from St. Munna, one of St. Columba’s companions; Kilrush, Co. Clare (the church of the promontory or of the wood); Kells (the cells) is the name of several places in Ireland, and of a parish in Dumfries; but Kells, in Meath and Kilkenny, is a contraction of the ancient name Ceann-lios (the head, lis, or fort); Closeburn, in Dumfries, is a corrupt. of Cella-Osburni (the cell of St. Osburn); Bischofzell and Appenzell (the church of the bishop and of the abbot); Maria-Zell (of St. Mary); Kupferzell, Jaxt-zell, Zella-am-Hallbach, Zell-am-Harmarsbach (the churches on the rivers Kupfer, Jaxt, Hallbach, and Harmarsbach); Zell-am-Moss (the church on the moor); Zell-am-See (on the lake); Zella St. Blasii (of St. Blaise); Sabloncieux, in France, anc. Sabloncellis (the cells on the sandy place); but in France La Selle and Les Selles are often used instead of cella or cellules, as in Selle-St.-Cloud for Cella-Sanct.-Clotoaldi (the church dedicated to this saint); Selle-sur-Nahon, anc. Cellula (little church); Kilconquhar, in Fife (the church of St. Conchobar or Connor); Kilbernie, in Ayrshire (the church of Berinus, a bishop); Kilspindie (of St. Pensadius); Kilblane and Kilcolmkill, in Kintyre (of St. Blane and St. Columba); Kilrenny (of St. Irenaeus); Kilchrenan, in Argyleshire (the burying-place of St. Chrenan, the tutelary saint of the parish).