COMBE (A.S.),
CWM, KOMB (Cym.-Cel.),
CUM (Gadhelic),
a hollow valley between hills, a dingle; e.g. Colcombe (the valley of the R. Coly); Cwmneath (of the Neath); Compton (the town in the hollow); Gatcombe (the passage through the valley, gat); Combs, the hollows in the Mendip hills; Wycombe (the valley of the Wye); Winchcombe (the corner valley); Wivelscombe and Addiscombe, probably connected with a personal name; Ilfracombe (Elfric’s dingle); Cwmrydol and Cwmdyli, in Wales (the hollow of the Rivers Rydol and Dyli); Cwm-eigian (the productive ridge); Cwmgilla (the hazel-wood valley); Cwm-Toyddwr (the valley of two waters), near the conf. of the Rivers Wye and Elain in Wales; Cwm-gloyn (the valley of the brook Gloyn); Cwmdu (dark valley); Cwm-Barre (the valley of the R. Barre), in Wales; Combe St. Nicholas, in Somerset and in Cumberland, named for the saint; Comb-Basset and Comb-Raleigh, named from the proprietors; Cwm-du (black dingle); Cwm-bychan (little dingle), in Wales; Corscombe (the dingle in the bog). In Ireland: Coomnahorna (the valley of the barley); Lackenacoombe (the hillside of the hollow); Lake Como, in Italy (in the hollow).
CONFLUENTES (Lat.),
a flowing together, hence the meeting of waters; e.g. Coblentz, for Confluentes (at the conf. of the Moselle and Rhine); Conflans (at the conf. of the Seine and Oise); Confluent, a hamlet situated at the conf. of the Creuse and Gartempe.
COP (Welsh),
a summit; e.g. Cop-yr-Leni (the illuminated hill), so called from the bonfires formerly kindled on the top.
CORCAGH, or CURRAGH (Irish),
CORS (Welsh),
CAR (Gael.),
KER (Scand.),
a marsh; e.g. Corse (the marsh); Corston, Corsby, Corsenside (the dwelling or settlement on the marsh); Corscombe (marsh dingle), in England. In Ireland: Cork, anc. Corcach-mor-Mumham (the great marsh of Munster); Curkeen, Corcaghan (little marsh); Curragh-more (great marsh); Currabaha (the marsh of birches). Perhaps Careby and Carton, in Lincoln, part of the Danish district, may be marsh dwelling.
CORNU (Lat.),
KERNE, CERYN (Cym.-Cel.),
CEARN (Gael.),
a horn, a corner—in topography, applied to headlands; e.g. Corneto (the place on the corner), in Italy; Corné, Cornay, Corneuil, etc., in France, from this root, or perhaps from Cornus (the cornel cherry-tree); Cornwall, Cel. Cernyu, Lat. Cornubiæ, A.S. Cornwallia (the promontory or corner peopled by the Weales, Welsh, or foreigners); Cornuailles, in Brittany, with the same meaning—its Celtic name was Pen-Kernaw (the head of the corner).