a warm, bubbling spring; e.g. Uxaver (the oxen’s spring), in Iceland.
I
I (Gadhelic),
an island; e.g. I-Colum-chille or Iona (the island of St. Columba’s cell); Ierne or Ireland (the western island or the island of Eire, an ancient queen).
IA (Cel.),
a country or land; e.g. Galatia and Galicia, and anc. Gallia (the country of the Gauls); Andalusia, for Vandalusia (the country of the Vandals); Batavia (the good land), bette, good; Britania or Pictavia (probably the land of painted tribes); Catalonia, corrupt. from Gothalonia (the land of the Goths); Circassia (the land of the Tcherkes, a tribe); Croatia (the land of the Choriots or mountaineers); Suabia (of the Suevii); Moravia (the district of the R. Moravia); Moldavia (of the R. Moldau). It is called by the natives and Turks Bogdania, from Bogdan, a chieftain who colonised it in the thirteenth century. Ethiopia (the land of the blacks, or the people with the sunburnt faces), from Grk. ops (the face), and aitho (to burn); Phœnicia (the land of palms or the brown land), Grk. Phœnix; Silesia (the land of the Suisli); Bosnia (the district of the R. Bosna); Russia, named after Rourik, a Scandinavian chief; Siberia, from Siber, the ancient capital of the Tartars; Kaffraria (the country of the Kaffirs or unbelievers), a name given by the Arabs; Dalmatia (the country of the Dalmates, who inhabited the city Dalminium); Iberia, the ancient name of Spain, either from the R. Ebro or from a tribe called the Iberi or Basques; Caledonia, perhaps from Coille (the wood).
IACUM,
an affix used by the Romans, sometimes for ia (a district), and sometimes the Latinised form of the adjectival termination ach—qu. v. p. 5; e.g. Juliers, Lat. Juliacum (belonging to Julius Cæsar); Beauvais, Lat. Bellovacum (belonging to the Bellovaci); Annonay, Lat. Annonicum (a place for grain, with large magazines of corn); Bouvignes, in Belgium, Lat. Boviniacum (the place of oxen); Clameny, Lat. Clameniacum (belonging to Clement, its founder); Joigny, anc. Joiniacum, on the R. Yonne; Annecy, Lat. Anneacum (belonging to Anecius); Cognac, Lat. Cogniacum (the corner of the water), Fr. coin, Old Fr. coiny, Cel. cuan.
IERE,
an affix in French topography denoting a possession, and generally affixed to the name of the proprietor; e.g. Guilletière (the property of Guillet); Guzonière (of Guzon).