Five points are of Friley type ([Fig. 11], E, F), characterized by definite shoulders with extreme curves so that the barbs turn toward the blade tip. Stems are expanded or rectangular. Three are of red-brown chert, two of tan chert. Lengths are 1.4 to 2.5 cm., widths 1.0 to 1.5 cm.
One typical Maud point ([Fig. 11], G) of tan chert, has a deeply concave base and mildly serrated edges.
Four points are included in the Cliffton type ([Fig. 11], H). They are hardly more than roughly shaped small, wide flakes but have vague stems and some secondary flaking. They are uniform in size, 2 to 2.3 cm. long, 1.6 to 1.9 cm. wide and all are made of tan chert. A fifth small point ([Fig. 11], I) of dark gray flint has a pointed stem, concave blade edges, and a strongly pointed tip; in essence, it is a concave-edged hexagon. It may be a variation of Cliffton, but has been left untyped.
A group of 21 points ([Fig. 11], K-M) is characterized by expanded stems produced by corner notching, and blades which are much like Alba. This point has been the subject of considerable discussion because of its frequency in Louisiana and southern Arkansas; it has been included in the Alba type in some publications, in the Scallorn type in others, but has distinct and, we believe, meaningful differences from each of these types. We have therefore given it the type name Colbert. It rivals the Alba type in frequency at sites like Smithport Landing, Colbert, Greer, Swanson’s Landing, and Mounds Plantation ([Fig. 1]) where there are Alto and Coles Creek components in respectable amounts. It is found, along with Alba, in central Louisiana, especially in Troyville-Coles Creek context (Ford, 1951: Fig. 45, U-W). Recent excavations at the Crenshaw Site in southwestern Arkansas uncovered Coles Creek and Caddoan burials in Mound B; consistently the Coles Creek burials had points similar to Colbert (called Homan in Arkansas) and the Caddoan had Alba or Hayes. The Colbert points have triangular blades with concave or recurved edges, distinct and usually wide shoulders, barbs, and triangular or fan-shaped stems. The stem bases may be straight or more often convex, rarely concave. Specimens from Smithport are made of tan, reddish-brown, white and gray local cherts, one of novaculite, and two of white quartz. Lengths are from 1.2 to 3.2 cm., widths from 9 mm. to 2 cm.
A large flat point of tan chert ([Fig. 11], J) has the flake characteristics of an arrow point despite its large size, 4.3 by 3 cm. It has the corner notching and wide barbs characteristic of Catahoula points.
A small triangular point of brown chert probably belongs to the Fresno type. The tip is broken but the original length was about 2 cm.
Miscellaneous Chipped Stone Tools
Generally, the tools from this site are made from native tan chert cores and flakes, or from petrified wood, and are rough to the point of being almost nondescript. Imagination is often required to attempt assignment to types.
A massive axe-shaped object of petrified wood is worked to a near-blade form at the expanded end ([Fig. 12], K), but appears to have been used as a maul. The groove is natural. It is 15 cm. long, 9 cm. wide, and 4.5 cm. in thickness. Two smaller objects of petrified wood ([Fig. 12], G, H) are partially shaped, showing some of the original surfaces. They resemble choppers or picks and are 7 × 5.1 × 2.3 cm. and 8.8 × 4.7 × 2 cm. A fourth object of petrified wood, 10.5 cm. long and 4.2 cm. wide, is more suggestive of a pick but shows little evidence of use.
Smaller core tools include two choppers or end scrapers of tan chert and quartzite. The first has much of its original surfaces, with one end pointed by bifacial beveling. It is 5.5 cm. long. The second is unifacially beveled across one end and onto one edge; it is similar in size. Two possible gouges of red and tan chert, 3.4 and 4.2 cm. long, are ovate in outline and roughly flaked bifacially at one end. Eight smaller objects are keel-shaped core scrapers or small choppers of tan and gray chert. They are irregularly ovate, triangular or elongate, from 2.5 to 4 cm. in length, 1.8 to 3.3 cm. in width. Flaking is bifacial but those with one flat face have minimal flaking on this side. Two larger, thick leaf-shaped forms ([Fig. 11], GG, HH) may have served as knives or scrapers.