The Religious Thought of the Greeks, from Homer to the Triumph of Christianity - Clifford Herschel Moore

Absolute: in Plato, [152], [163] f., [166].
Academus, [145].
Academy:
Platonic, [145] ff.;
influence of later A. on Romans, [244].
Acropolis, [109] ff.
Actium: the battle of, [245], [246], [247].
Acts, XI, 19-26: 311.
Adad, [263].
Adam, James, quoted, [143].
Adonis, [51], [272].
Aelian, V. H., IX, 12: 240.
Aeschylus, [79], [81], [88], [90] ff., [117], [137], [164];
on conflict of duties, [97] f.;
concept of Zeus, [92] ff.;
Fate, [93] f.;
freedom of choice, [95] ff.;
justice as attribute of Zeus, [94];
man’s obligations, [94] ff.;
nature of universe, [91] f.;
pantheism, [93];
punishment after death, [99].
Ag., 160 ff.: 92 f.;
Choeph., 306 ff., 400 ff.: 98; 1055 ff.: 96 f.;
Eum., 264 ff.: 99;
Pers., 827 ff.: 95;
Sept., 597-608: 95;
Suppl., 524 f., 574: 92;
Frg. 70: 93.
Aesculapius, [231].
Aesop, [236].
Aetius, I, [27], 5: [194].
Ages of man: Hesiod’s five, [37] f.
Ahriman, [278].
Ahura Mazda, [278].
Alaric, [66].
Albertus Magnus, [171].
Alexander the Great, [169];
effect of conquests, [183], [185] f., [205] f., [257] f., [296] f.
Alexandria, [205] ff., [297];
Jews at, [205] f., [258], [262].
Allegorical interpretation, [350] f.
Ammonius Saccas, [207].
Anaxagoras, [117] ff., [148], [152], [192].
Anaximander, [43].
Anaximenes, [43].
Andania: mysteries at, [71].
Andocides: de Myst. 31: [72].
Antigone, [97] f., [104], [106], [107].
Anniceris, [145].
Antioch: church at, [311].
Antiochus of Ascalon, [244].
Antisthenes, [184].
Antony, [246].
Anubis, [262].
ἀπάθεια, [189].
Aphrodite, [17], [136], [231].
Apollo, [16] f., [96] f., [230], [233], [247].
Apollonius of Tyana, [206], [209].
Apologists:
the Greek, [327] ff.;
attitude toward Greek culture and philosophy, [329] ff., [335];
on creation, [333];
Holy Spirit, [333];
Logos, [332] f.;
incarnation, [333];
morality, [334] f.;
nature of God, [331] f.;
problem of evil, [333] f.;
revelation, [333] ff.;
salvation, [334].
See also Aristides, Athenagoras, Justin, and Tatian.
Apuleius, [335] f.; Met. X, 5: [269] f.; 19-30: [273-6];
23: [274]; 25: [293] f.
Archilochus, [76], [79], [121]. Frgg., [56], [74], [3] ff.: [76]; 88: [79].
Ares, [17], [237].
Aristides, [328].
Aristobulus, [258].
Aristocracies, [40].
Aristophanes, Frogs, 454 ff.: [71].
Aristotle, [70], [146], [169] ff., [183], [186], [187], [191], [209], [210], [297];
attitude toward traditional religion, [180] f.;
on the contemplative life, [178] f.;
cosmological and teleological arguments for the existence
of God, [174], [179];
creative intelligence, [174];
criticism of Plato’s ideas, [169], [171] f.;
ethics, [177] ff.;
first and final causes, [173] f.;
four causes, [172] f.;
God, [173] ff.;
ideal state, [186];
immortality, [177];
influence of, [170] f.;
matter and God, [174] f.;
monotheism, [175] f.;
teleology, [173] f.;
transcendence of God, [176], [179];
psychology, [176] ff.
De anima, II, 1; III, 4, 5, 177;
de caelo, I, 4, 271a, 33: 174;
Ethica Nic. et Eud.: 179;
Met., I, 3, 983a, 24 ff.; 9, 990b ff.: 172; VI, 8: 172;
VII, 6, 1045b, 18 f.: 175; 7, 1032a, 13 ff.: 172;
VII, 4, 1044a, 32 ff.: 172; XI, 7: 174; XI, entire: 175;
XII, 10: 172; XIII, 3: 172;
Phys., I, 9, 192a, 3 ff.: 166; II, 3, 194b, 16 ff.: 172;
II, 7, 198a, 22 ff.: 173; IV, 2, 209b, 11 ff.: 166;
VIII, 6, 258b, 10 ff.: 174;
Pol., VI, 8, 1322b, 18 ff.; VII, 8, 1328b, 12 ff.; 1329a,
27 ff.; 1330a, 8 f.; 1381b, 4-6,17 f.: 181;
Frg., 45: 70.
Army: and oriental religions, [259] f.
Art: influence of Greek on Roman concepts of gods, [231], [236] f.
Artemis, [17], [135].
Arval Brothers, [227].
Asceticism, [158] f., [208], [209], [212] f., [214], [218], [351] ff.
Associations: religious, [53] f., [268], [276], [290] f.
ἀαταραξία, [242].
Atargatis, [263].
Athena, [16], [51], [96], [102], [110], [111] ff.
Athenaeus, Deip., XI, p. 496: [69]; XIII, p. 547 A: [240].
Athenagoras, [328] ff.; Legat. [4], 7: [331]; 9: [330]; [10], [16], 24: [333];
[24] ff.: [334].
Athens, [41], [48], [53], [109] ff.
Atreus: the house of, [96] f.
Attalus, [261].
Atticus, [244].
Attis, [51], [272], [285] ff., [357].
Augustine, Saint, [214]; Civ. Dei, IV, 27: [243].
Augustus, [231], [246] ff.
Aulus Gellius, N. A. XV, [11], 1: [241].
Baal:
of Damascus, [264];
of Doliche, [264];
of Heliopolis, [263].
Bacchae, of Euripides, [142] f.
βάκχος, [51].
Bacchylides, [14], 50-63: [87] f.
Bacon, Roger, [171].
Baptism, [340], [353] f.
Basilides, [336] ff.
Beyrout, [263].
Birth, the new, [323].
Body: tomb of soul, [55], [160].
Brotherhood of man, [197] ff., [202].
Burnet: on Plato, [147].
Business: knowledge of, possessed by the East, [298].
Calamis, [83].
Calendars, Roman, [223].
Callichoros, [63].
Caesar, Julius, [246], [247].
Capitoline Triad, [222], [224] f., [231].
Carneades, [241].
Carmen contra Paganos, [57] ff.: [289].
Castor and Pollux, [230], [237].
Catechetical School of Alexandria, [341] f.
Cato the Censor, [235], [241].
Cato of Utica, [254].
Ceres, [225], [230], [233].
Chalcis, [42].
Charondas, [41].
Christ:
in Gnostic systems, [339];
the indwelling, [314], [317], [322] f.;
the light of men, [321] f.;
the Logos, [318] ff.;
in Origen, [344];
the theme of apostolic preaching, [311], [312] f.
See also Jesus and Messiah.
Christianity, [296] ff., [301] ff.;
and Paganism, [181], [326] ff.;
Apologists, [327] ff.;
debt to Paganism, [355] f.;
dogma as safeguard of faith, [328];
ethical value, [357] f.;
fundamental ideas of primitive Christianity, [324] f.;
Gnostics, [336] ff.;
modification by philosophy, [326] ff.;
a mystery, [295], [340];
Origen, [342];
reason for triumph, [356] ff.;
relation to Greek philosophy, [302], [317] f., [324] ff., [355];
teachings of Jesus, [302] ff.;
of Johannine writings, [318] ff.;
of Paul, [311] ff.;
spread in the third century, [358];
the ultimate philosophy, [358].
Chrysippus, [186].
Cicero, [187], [244]; de Fin., III, 64: [197].
Cimon, [110].
Cinna, [246].
Claudian, [235].
Cleanthes, Hymn, [193] ff.
Clement of Alexandria, [55], [69], [85], [93];
Paed., I, 6: 353; III, 1, 1: 346;
Protrep, 12: 353; pp. 12, 18 P: 69;
Strom. I, 5, 28, 3; I, 20: 97; II, 19, 20: 342; II, 3: 353;
V, 14, 94: 346; VI, 7, 59: 342; VI, 16, 134 f.: 346.
Clytemnestra, [98].
Colonization, [41] ff.
Colossians: Epistle to, II, 20-23: [352]; III, 1-3: [314].
Communion, Mithraic, [282] f.; Christian, [354].
Constantinople: the conquest of, [170].
Contemplative life: according to
Aristotle, [178] f.;
Neoplatonists, [219];
Origen, [347].
Convention, the basis of institutions, [127].
Corinthians:
1 Epistle to, III, 16 f.; VI, 19: 315; VII: 352; XII-XIV: 316;
2 Epistle to, III, 17: 315; IV, 6-7: 314.
Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL), VI, 497-504: 288;
VI, 510, 512: 289; X, 1596: 288.
Cosmopolitanism: Stoic, [196] ff.; of Roman Empire, [299].
Crassus, [246].
Creon, [104] f.
Critias, Frg. 25 = 1 N²: 128.
Criticism of gods, [80] f.
Critolaus, [241].
Cronos, [237], [238].
Croton, [53].
Cult of dead, [26], [44].
Cultores Iovis Heliopolitani Berytenses, 263.
Cybele, [83].
Cynics, [184] f., [188], [208].
Dea Syria, [263].
Death: life after. See Future Life.
Deianeira, [105] ff.
Delos, [260], [262].
Delphi, [53], [109].
Demeter, [18], [62] ff., [230].
Democracy at Athens, [112].
Democritus, [241].
Deo, [69].
Deuteronomy VI, 5: 305.
Dialogues: the Platonic, [146] ff.
Diana, [233], [247].
Didache, 7: 353.
Digest I, 1, 4.5: 4; XVII, 32: 198.
Dio Chrysostom, Or. XII, 51: [27].
Diogenes of Apollonia, [140].
Diogenes Laertius, VII, 149: [194].
Diogenes of Sinope, [72], [184].
Diogenes the Stoic, [241].
Dion, [145].
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, IV, 62: [221].
Dionysius of Syracuse, [145].
Dionysus, [18], [47] ff., [142] f., [230], [272], [286], [357].
Dispater, [231].
Dittenberger, Sylloge² 653: 71.
Docetism, [320], [339].
Draco, [41].
Drama: effect at Rome, [233] f.
Dualism:
Gnostic, [338] f.;
Mithraic, [279];
Orphic, [50] ff., [55] f.;
Platonic, [148] ff., cf. [208], [212], [216];
Pythagorean, [62];
Stoic, [191].
δρώμενα, [69].
δυνάμεις, [211].
Ecstacy, [213] f., [218] ff.
Education, Roman, [235] ff.
εἶδος, [149].
Eleusinian mysteries, [62] ff., [116].
Eleusinion at Athens, [65] f.
Eleusis, [62] ff., [116].
Empedocles, [52], [53], [55], [57], [122]; Frg. 115: [57] f.
Emperor, worship of, [247] f.
Ennius, [234], [235], [236], [238] f.; Scen. [316] ff.: [238].
Envy of the gods, [24], [87], [94] f., [164].
Ephemeris Arch., III (1883), p. 81, 8: 71.
Ephesians: Epistle to, III, 3-4: 336.
Epictetus, [187], [201], [204] f., [250] ff.;
Diss., I, 1: 189; I, 3: 197; I, 14, 6: 202;
I, 15, 1: 250; I, 16: 255; I, 16, 15-21: 200;
II, 5, 13: 189; II, 8, 11: 202; II, 16, 45-47: 255;
III, 10, 2: 251; III, 10, 8: 253; III, 12: 252; III, 13, 9 ff.: 255;
IV, 1: [196];
Gnomol. Stobaei, 31: 196.
Epicurea, pp. 59, 72;
Frg. 506: 249.
Epicureanism: at Rome, [238], [241] ff.
Epicurus, [254].
Epoptae, [67].
Er the Pamphylian, [162].
Eretria, [42].
Eteocles, [97].
Ethics, [242], [249]. See Morality.
Etruscan influence at Rome, [222] ff.
Eucharist: an initiation or mystery, [340], [354].
Euclides, [145].
Euhemerus: Sacred History, [238] f.
Eumolpidae and Ceryces, [67].
Euripides, [82], [107], [117], [133] ff.;
on cosmic reason, [139] ff.;
future life, [141] f., [160];
humanity, [142];
traditional religion, [134] ff.;
a religious poet, [143].
Bacch., 395:143;
Hel., 1 ff.: 142;
Heracl., ff.: 141 f.;
H.F., 1307 ff., 1341 ff.: 137;
Hipp., 451 ff., 473 ff., 1365 ff.: 136; 1102 ff.: 141;
I.A., 956 f.: 139;
I.T., 569, 570 ff.: 138;
Phoen., 954 ff.: 139;
Tro., 884 ff.: 139;
Frgg., 151, 255: 141; 292, 7: 135; 506: 141; 593: 140;
757: 141; 794: 138; 816: 141; 941: 140; 946: 138.
Evil: origin and problem of:
in Apologists, [333] f.;
Gnostics, [338] f.;
Hesiod, [36] ff.;
Homer, [14];
Orphism, [52];
Plato, [157], [165] ff.;
Stoicism, [194] ff.
Faith, [308] f., [313] ff., [321] ff.
Fate: in Homer, II ff.; Stoicism, [194] ff.
Fire: in Heraclitus, [120] f.; Stoicism, [192].
First cause: Aristotle’s, [173] f.
Flora, [225], [231].
Florentinus, [198].
Folk-religion in Homer, [26].
Fons, [225].
Freedom of the will, [88], [195] ff., [333] f., [345].
Furies, [96].
Future life, [24] ff., [39], [46], [48], [56], [88] ff., [99], [107] f., [141] f.,
[274], [283] ff., [316] f., [339], [345] f.
Galatians: Epistle to, I, 1 ff.: 312 f.; I, 11-12: 336;
I, 16: 314; II, 15-16, 20: 314; III, 23-26, 27: 314;
III, 26-27: 315; IV, 6: 315; IV, 19: 314; V, 22 f.: 315.
Galen, [169], [298].
Galileo, [118].
Games in the circus, [222].
Genius, [228].
Getae, [49].
Giants, [87].
γνῶσις, [336] ff., [340], [342].
Gnostics, [328], [336] ff.;
on Christ, [339] f.;
doctrine of emanations, [338];
dualism, [338] f.;
ethics, [340];
nature of god, [338];
origin of evil, [338];
revelation, [337];
sacraments, [340].
See also Basilides and Valentinus.
God: immanence of, [193], [203], [209];
kingdom of, [301], [310];
nature of, according to the Apologists, [333] f.;
Aristotle, [173] ff.;
Gnostics, [338];
Jesus, [303] ff.;
Origen, [343];
Plato, [151] ff., [157], [163] ff.;
Stoics, [192] ff., [203];
personal concept of in Plato, [163] f.;
Stoicism, [193] f.;
transcendence of, [176], [208] ff., [215] ff., [331] f., [338], [343], [350].
Gods: concept of in
Aeschylus, [91] ff.;
Archilochus, [76], [79] f.;
Critias, [128];
Epicureans, [241] f.;
Euripides, [134] ff.;
Hesiod, [29] ff.;
Homer, [6] ff.;
Pindar, [83] ff.;
Protagoras, [128];
Sophocles, [100] ff.;
Theognis, [76] ff.;
Xenophanes, [118] f.
Good: the Platonic idea of, and god, [151] f.
Goodness, attribute of god, [164].
Gorgias, [124].
Government:
Homeric, [15], [40];
effect of changes in, [40] ff., [183] f.
Gracchi, [246].
Great Mother of the Gods, [261], [267], [285] ff.
Greece and Rome, [221] ff.
Greek colonies: influence on Rome, [222] f.
Greek language: knowledge of in Republican Rome, [233] ff.;
universally understood in Roman Empire, [296] f.
Greek religion: phase treated, [4].
Hades:
the Homeric, [19];
as place of penance, [56] ff., [88] f., [161] f.
Harnack, quoted, [321], [329] f., [337].
Hebrews: Epistle to, [318], [348].
Hecateus, [121].
Hellenization of Roman religion, [229] ff.
Hephaestus, [17] f.
Hera, [15] f., [136], [237].
Heraclea, [53].
Heraclitus, [93], [107], [120] ff., [148], [183], [191] f., [212], [319];
Frgg., 1, 2, 14, 15, 29, 30-32, 40-42, 57, 67, 90, 128: 121.
Hercules, [137], [230].
Hermes, [19], [230].
Hermias, [169], [181].
Herodotus, [3], [49], [71], [124], [164];
Hist., II, 53: 3.
Hesiod, [3], [28] ff., [43], [80], [118], [119], [121];
Theog., 220 ff.: 30;
W. and D., 47-104, 109 ff.: 37; 174 f., 182 ff.: 38; 213 ff.: 32;
225 ff.: 33; 252 ff., 256 ff.: 35; 265 f.: 33; 274 ff.: 34;
303 ff., 311: 31; 333 f.: 33; 336 ff.: 36; 694: 87; 709 ff.: 34.
Hippolytus, [135] f.
Hippolytus, Philos., p. 115 M: 70.
Hippocrates, [298].
Holy Spirit, [315] f., [322], [333], [339], [345], 353
Homer, [3] ff., [119], [121], [236].
Il., I, 37 ff.: 22; I, 65: 23; I, 258: 20; I, 517 ff.: 15;
I, 528 ff.: 27; I, 544: 15; I, 592 ff.: 16; II, 5 ff.: 19;
II, 202, 273: 20; II, 371: 17; II, 549: 16; III, 179: 20;
III, 276: 15; IV, 1 ff.: 20; VI, 297 ff.: 16; VIII, 236 ff.: 22;
IX, 533 ff.: 22; XIII, 296 ff., 331 ff.: 16; XV, 18 ff.: 16;
XVII,446 f.: 25; XVIII, 369 ff.: 17; XVIII, 417 ff., 478 ff.: 18;
XX, 1 ff.: 15; XXI, 442 ff.: 18; XXII, 365 f.: 23;
XXIV, 334 ff., 525 f.: 25;
Od. I, 45: 15; IV, 115 ff.: 17; IV, 351 ff.: 22;
IV, 502 ff.: 23; V, 28 ff.: 18; VII, 81: 16; VII, 91 ff.: 17;
XI, 488 ff.: 24; XIII, 162 ff.: 18; XV, 115 ff.: 17.
Homeric Hymn to Demeter, 62 ff., 480 f.: [70].
Honor: personal in Homer, [21].
Horace, [76], [234], [236], [246].
Horus, [272].
Haruspices, [222].
ὕβρις, [78] ff. See Insolence.
Iacchos, [68] f.
Icaria, [48].
ἰδέα, ἰδέαι, [149], [211].
Ideas: doctrine of in Plato, [147] ff.; in Philo, [211]; Plotinus, [215].
Ignatius, ad Eph., 20: 354.
I G S I, 1019, 1020: [288].
Iliad and Odyssey:
characteristics of, [5] ff., [25] ff.;
contain no theogonies, [8];
contributions to later religious ideas, [27];
date, [5];
freedom in treatment of gods, [16] f.;
purpose, [5] ff.;
religion in, [6] ff.;
show little reflection, [8], [21].
Immanence of God, [193], [203], [209], [216].
Immateriality of Plato’s ideas, [152].
Immortality, [48], [59], [152] ff., [177], [202], [283] f., [286],
[289], [306], [316] f., [334], [339].
Incarnation, [319] ff., [333], [344].
Individualism, [43], [47], [196].
Initiation:
significance of, [60], [72];
Christian, [353] f.;
Eleusinian, [65] ff.;
Isiac, [273] ff.;
Mithraic, [281] f.
Insolence, [32], [78] ff., [86] ff.
Iphigenia, [98], [138].
Irenaeus,
adv. Haer. I, 1-3; 24, 3-4: 338; I, 2, 5-6, 5-8;
24, 2-4: 339; I, 23, 4; 24, 5: 340; IV, 30, 3: 299;
IV, 31, 4: 354;
Frg. 36 Harvey: 354.
Isis, [262] ff., [335];
festivals introduced at Rome, [272] f.;
initiation, [273] ff.;
matins and vespers, [273], [276];
modification of religion by Ptolemy Soter, [271] f.;
mysteries, [271], [273] ff.;
supreme divinity, [269] f.
Islands of the Blest, [38] f., [90].
Janus, [225], [226].
Jesus, [301] ff.;
concept of own person, [307] f., [310];
of relation to God, [308];
of passion and death, [309];
on kingdom of God, [310];
and the Logos, [318] ff., [333];
person and mission, [303], [356] f.;
redeemer and saviour, [312] ff., [321] f.; [357];
relation of teachings to Jewish ideas, [309] f.;
required belief of his followers, [308] f.;
significance of personality, [303], [310];
teachings, [302] ff.
Jocasta, [97].
John, [302], [318] ff.;
character of gospel, [318];
on Christ as Logos, [318] ff.;
faith, [321] f.;
Holy Spirit, [323];
incarnation, [321];
love, [322];
salvation, [321] f.;
union with Christ, [322] f.
Gospel, I, 9: 321; III, 3, 6: 323; III, 16-17: 322;
III, 19-21: 321; IV, 7 ff.: 323; V, 24: 323 f.;
V, 35: 321; VI, 15: 308; VI, 33 ff.: 323; VIII, 12: 321;
VIII, 31 ff.: 322; IX, 5: 321; XII, 35 f.: 321;
XIII, 34 f: 322; XIV, 9-11: 322; XIV-XVI: 323;
XV, 1 ff.: 323; XX, 31: 323.
Epistles: 1 John III, 14: 324; IV, 2 f.: 321;
IV, 8, 9 f., 16: 322; V, 24: 324.
Judaism, [300] f.
Judeo-Alexandrian philosophy, [206] ff.
Julian, [66].
Juno, [222], [224], [225], [226], [230], [233], [237].
Jupiter, [222], [224], [225], [226], [229], [230], [233], [237], [263], [264].
Justice, [19], [21], [32] ff., [35], [78] ff., [85] ff., [94] f., [141].
Justin, [328] ff.;
Apol., I, 5, 13, 61, 65, 67: 333;
I, 5, 15 ff., 21, 56: 334; I, 23, 63: 335; I, 31-53, 56: 330;
I, 66: 354; II, 6: 335; II, 8 ff.: 330;
Dial. c. Tryph., 7, 29, 61, 62, 105, 116, 128: 333.
Justinian, [118].
Kabeiroi, [71] f.
Keleos, [62] f.
Kingdom of God, [301], [306].
Knowledge, and Virtue, [131] f.;
relativity of, [126] f.;
revealed, [335] ff.
Kore, [62], [64], [69], [230].
Laelius, [187], [254].
Laius, house of, [97].
Lar, [228].
Latin literature:
founded by Livius Andronicus, [233];
influenced by Greek, [233] ff.
Law, written, [41].
λεγόμενα, [69].
Lepidus, [246].
Liber = Dionysus, [230].
Libera = Kore, [230].
Life after death. See Future life and Immortality.
Livius Andronicus, [233], [236].
Livy, [234];
Hist., X,19, 17: 228; XXII, 10, 2 ff.: 228; XXII, 10, 9: 233;
XXXIX, 8 ff.: 239; XL, 29: 240.
λογιστικόν, τό, [155].
Logos:
in Apologists, [332] f.;
Heraclitus, [192], [319] f.;
John, [318] ff.;
Origen, [344] f.;
Philo, [211] f.;
and trinity, [350].
λόγος σπερματικός, [192].
Love: cardinal principles of Christianity, [304] ff., [322].
Lucretius, [242].
Ludi Megalenses, [261].
Luke:
Gospel, 302 f.; VI, 27-36: 304; VI, 35: 305;
IX, 18-21: 308; X, 27: 305; XXIV, 47: 306.
Lydus, de Mens., IV, 59: 286.
Mâ, [263].
Macaria, [141].
Magic, lacking in Homer, [24].
Magna Mater. See Great Mother of the Gods.
Manes, [228].
Marcus Aurelius, [78], [188], [204] f.;
Reflections, II, 2: 201; IV, 41: 201; IV, 23: 256; VI, 44: 199.
Marius, [246].
Mars, [226], [233], [237].
Matter, [166] ff., [172] f., [215] ff., [331], [332], [338].
Matthew:
Gospel, [302] f.; IV, 17: 306; V, 43-48, 44-45: 304, 305;
XVI, 13-20: 308; XXII, 37: 305; XXVI, 63: 308.
Mark:
Gospel, [302] f.;
VIII, 27-30: 308; XI, 25; XII, 30: 305; XIV, 61: 308.
Megara, [42], [75], [145].
Menander, [236].
Mercury, [230], [232], [233].
Mercy, attribute of gods, [106].
Messiah, [212], [308], [311].
Messianic hopes, [301].
Metempsychosis, [56] ff., [61].
Miletus, [42], [43].
Mind, as formative principles, [123] f.
Minerva, [222], [224], [225], [230], [232], [233], [237].
Minoan Age, [3].
Mithras, [264], [267], [277] ff.;
chapels, [280] f.;
communion, [282] f.;
destruction of world, [284];
dualism, [279];
ethics, [280];
final judgment, [284];
identified with sun, [279];
initiation, [281] f.;
popularity, [277] f.;
religion, origin and history, [277] f.;
resurrection of body, [284];
rewards and punishments, [283] f.
Mommsen, Theodor, [223].
Monotheism, Christian, [356].
Morality, [20] f., [35], [45], [60], [72], [156] ff., [169], [177], [184] f.,
[188] ff., [201] f., [213], [219], [249], [251] ff., [268], [279] f.,
[291], [305] f., [314] f., [334], [340], [345] ff.
Multiplicity and unity, [120] ff.
Murder, [45].
Musonius, [199].
Mycenaean Age, [3].
Mystae, [67].
Mysteries:
not mentioned in Homer, [18];
Bacchic at Rome, [239] f.;
Eleusinian, [62] ff., [116];
Oriental, [268] ff., [289] f.;
influence on Christianity, [353] f.
μυσταγωγός, [353].
μυστήριον, [65], [353].
Mystery religions, [52] ff., [62] ff., [268] ff.
Mysticism, in later Greek philosophy, [214] ff.
Naevius, [234], [235].
Nature, in Stoicism: [191], [196].
Neoplatonism, [206] ff.; [214] ff.
Neopythagoreanism, [206] ff.
Neptunus, [230], [233].
Nestle, quoted, [134].
New Testament:
three stages of Christianity represented therein, [301] f.
Nigidius Figulus, [206].
νοῦς, [123], [152], [215], [217], [219], [339].
Numa, [227].
Octavian, [246].
Odysseus, [10], [12], [13], [16], [18], [21], [24], [26], [104].
Odyssey: translated by Livius Andronicus, [233].
Oedipus, [97], [103], [105], [106], [107].
Old Testament, [216], [217], [258], [303], [351], [356] f.
Olympian religion, [25] ff., [110] ff.
Onomacritus, [53].
Orestes, [96] ff.
Orgiastic cults: not mentioned in Homer, [18].
Oriental influence on Greek thought, [257] f.
Oriental religions, [257] ff.:
character, [266] ff.:
chronology, [265] f.:
common elements, [289] f.:
decay, [265], [357];
distribution, [260], [264] f.;
effect on devotees, [293] f.;
morality, [268], [291] ff.;
mysteries, [268], [271];
opponents of Christianity, [326];
pantheistic tendencies, [268] ff.;
revival at Rome, [266].
Origen, [207], [214], [341] ff.; on angels, men, and demons, [345];
Christ, [344];
creation, [343] f.;
esoteric and exoteric Christianity, [347] f.;
the founder of Christian philosophy, [342] ff., [348];
on freedom, [346];
Holy Spirit, [345];
incarnation, [344], [347];
Logos, [344] f., [347];
nature of God, [343];
psychology, [346];
revelation, [343], [344], [347];
salvation, [346] f., [348] f.;
ultimate destruction of wickedness, [346].
C. Cels., I, 1.7: 354; I, 31: 347; II, 66.69: 347;
III, 59-62, 347; IV, 15.18: 347; IV, 65: 345;
VI, 68: 347; VII, 17: 347;
Exhort. ad Mart., 347;
in Ioh., I, 20-22: 347;
in Matt., ser. 69: 346;
de Prin., praef., I: 343;
I, 1.2: 344; I, 3.5.8: 345; I, 5, 3: 346; II, 5.6: 344;
II, 7: 345; II, 8: 346; III, 1. 4. 6: 346; III, 5: 344;
IV, 11 ff.: 351;
in Rom., IV, 5; IX, 3: 346.
Ormuzd, [278], [283].
Oromasdes, [278].
Orpheus, [52].
Orpheus of Croton, [53].
Orphica:
Frgg., 7: 54; 14: 55; 46: 54; 115: 55;
117: 57; 154: 56; 223: 57;
Tab. Orph. 18: 58.
Orphism, [52] ff., [93], [118], [145], [208], [257], [351];
ascetic tendency, [59];
contributions to Greek religious ideas, [59];
rule of life, [56];
theogonies, [54].
Osiris, [51], [267], [271] f., [286], [357].
Paganism:
influence on Christian thought, [349] ff.;
service to Christianity, [355] f.
Pan, [83], [130].
Panaetius, [186] f., [243].
Panathenaic festival, [111].
Pandora, [36] f.
Pantheism, [13], [46], [54], [84] f., [93], [119], [140], [163] f., [192] ff., [268] ff.
Parthenon, [110] f., [112].
Pathos in Homer, [25], [46].
Paul, [161], [302], [311] ff., [348], [349];
on Christ’s death and resurrection, [312] f.;
dualism, [316];
faith, [313] ff.;
Holy Spirit, [315] f.;
indwelling Christ, [314];
salvation, [312] ff.
See also Colossians, Corinthians, Ephesians, Galatians, Philippians.
Paulus, Julius, [198].
Pausanias, [83].
Pax Romana, [245], [246], [299].
Peloponnesian War, [124], [127], [133].
Penates, [228], [237].
Pericles, [110], [113] ff., [117] f., [124], [133] f.
Persephone, [19], [62] ff., [231], [286].
Persian Wars, [82], [83], [109], [117].
Pessimism:
in Theognis, [77];
under Roman Empire, [204] f.
Phaedra, [135] f.
Pharisees, [304] f., [309].
Phidias, [26], [110], [117].
Philippians: Epistle to, III, 10 f.: 315.
Philo of Alexandria, [207], [210] ff., [216], [258], [320], [331], [332], [338], [351].
De alleg. leg., III, 29 ff.: 214;
quis rer. div. her. 205 f.: 212;
de somn., I, 149: 213;
de special. legib., I, 329: 211.
Philo of Larissa, [244].
Philoctetes, [101].
Philodemus, [93].
Philolaus, [55].
Philosophers, banished from Rome, [240] f.
Philosophic schools at Athens closed, [118].
Philosophy:
Greek, and Apologists, [328] ff.;
beginnings of, [43] f.;
Clement’s attitude toward, [342];
enemy of traditional religion, [117] ff.;
function of according to Plato, [158];
influence on Christianity, [302], [317] f., [324] ff., [355] f., [358];
influence at Rome, [239] ff.;
practical guide of life, [184] ff., [201] f.;
reconciliation with Jewish theology, [206] f., [258]; and religion, [179] ff.;
rival of Christianity, [358];
spread to the West, [297].
See also Aristotle, Epicureanism, Philo, Plato,
Socrates, Sophists, Stoics, etc.
Philostratus, [206].
φωτισμός φωτίζεσθαι, [353].
Pindar, [52], [81] ff., [117], [137];
Isth., III, 5 f.: 85; V, 13 ff.: 87; VI, 71: 87;
Nem., VI, 1 ff.: 83; XI, 13 ff.: 87;
Ol., I, 52: 86; I, 64: 85; II, 63 ff.: 90; X, 3: 85; XIII, 83: 84;
Pyth., II, 49 ff.: 84; III, 29: 85; III, 78 f.: 83; IX, 44 ff.; X, 49: 84;
Frgg., 131: 89; 137: 71; 140: 85; 142: 84; 205: 85.
Pisistratidae, [48].
Pisistratus, [53], [110] f.
Plato, [144] ff., [183], [184], [186], [187], [199], [208], [209], [210],
[211], [212], [216], [217], [257], [346], [349], [351];
ascetic tendencies, [158];
on creation, [167] f.;
debt to Orphics and Pythagoreans, [156], [160] ff.;
debt to Socrates, [146] ff.;
doctrine of recollection, [153] f.;
dualism, [148];
on final fate of soul, [163];
goodness as attribute of god, [164];
on highest good of man, [156];
human reason, [152];
ideas, [148] ff.:
immortality, [152] ff.;
matter, [165] f.;
morality, [156] ff., [169];
nature of god, [151] f.;
and Orphic dualism, [156];
pantheism, [163] f.;
on problem of evil, [165] ff.;
psychology, [155] f.;
transmigration of souls, [161] f.
Alc., II, 149 D ff.: 23;
Apol., 37 E: 105;
Crat., 399 f.: 160; 389 f.: 166;
Euth., 14 E: 23;
Gorgias, 492 E-493 A: 160;
Laws, VI, 759: 180; X, 894 B ff.: 153;
X entire: 180; XII, 966 E: 153;
Meno, 81 ff.: 153;
Phaedo, 63 ff.: 160; 66 E ff.: 159; 72 ff.: 153;
82 f.: 158; 86 ff., 105: 154;
Phaedrus, 245: 153; 246 f.: 155; 248 f.: 163;
Phil., 22 C: 152;
Rep., IV, 427 ff.: 155;
IV, 438 A-441 C: 346; VI, 440 E-441 A: 155;
VI, 484 ff.: 156; VI, 504: 155; VIII, 550: 155;
IX, 580 f.: 155; X, 613: 157; X, 614 ff.: 163;
Statesm., 272 ff.: 165, 167;
Theaet., 176: 157, 165, 167;
Tim., 28 A-29 E, 37 A: 152; 42 ff.: 165, 346;
49 E-52 B: 166; 69-72: 155 f.; 92 C: 152.
Plautus, [234].
Pliny the Elder, N. H., VII, 112: [241]; XIII, [84] ff.: [240].
Pliny the Younger, Epist., X, [96].
Plotinus, [207], [209], [215] ff.;
Enn., I, 2: 219; IV entire, 215; IV, 3, 7, 9: 217;
V entire: 215; V, 1: 215, 217, 218; V, 9, 1: 219;
VI entire: 215; VI, 9, 3: 215; VI, 9, 11: 219.
Plutarch: philosophy of religion, [270];
de aud. poet., 21 F: 72;
de Is. et Osir., 67: 270;
C. M., 22: 241.
Pluto, [63] f., [231].
Politics, Roman: in relation to religion, [232].
Polynices, [97], [104].
Pompeii, [262].
Pompey, [187], [246], [263].
Pontifex maximus, [229].
Pontifices, [229].
Porphyry, [207], [209], [218], [219];
de abst., I, 31: 218;
ad Marc., 32: 218;
vita Plot., 1 ff.: 218; 23: 215, 220; apud Euseb.,
H. E., VI, 19, 6: 343; VI, 19, 7 f.: 348.
Poseidon, [18], [230].
Priesthoods, Roman, [229].
Proclus, ad Plat. Tim., p. 293 C: 69.
Prodicus, Frg., 5: 128.
Prometheus Bound, [91] ff.
Prometheus, myth of, [36] f.
Proserpina, [231]. See Kore.
Protagoras, [124], [126] f., [128], [151];
Frg., 1: 127; 4: 128.
Providence, [13], [194] f.
Prudentius, Peristeph., X, 1011 ff.: 289.
ψυχή: in Plotinus, [215].
Psychology:
Aristotelian, [176] ff.;
Gnostic, [339];
Homeric, [24];
Origen’s, [346];
Orphic, [55];
Platonic, [155];
Stoic, [192], [195].
Ptolomaeus, Epist. ad Floram, 339.
Ptolemy Soter, [271] f.
Purification, [45].
Puteoli, [262], [263], [264].
Pythagoras, [60] f., [251].
Pythagorean books at Rome, [240].
Pythagoreanism, [52], [60] ff., [145], [206], [209], [216], [217], [257], [351].
Quirinus, [226].
Reason, the cosmic, [123], [139] ff.
Relativity of knowledge, [126] f.
Religion, Greek:
of common man, [181] f.;
in Athens of fifth century b.c., [112] ff.
Religion, Roman, [223] ff.
Renatus, [277], [289].
Repentance, in teachings of Jesus, [306].
Revelation, [209], [214], [217], [300], [334] ff., [349], [356] f.
Rhetoric, Greek: spread to West, [297].
Rhetoricians, Greek: banished from Rome, [241].
Roman Empire:
characteristics at beginning of the Christian era, [296] ff.
Romans:
Epistle to, VI; VII, 4 ff.: 315; VIII, 10 f.: 314, 315;
VIII, 15; XIV, 17: 315.
Rome, and Greece, [221] ff.;
connection with Troy, [233];
political power of, [259] ff.
Romulus, [227].
Sacrati, [268], [276].
Sacrifice: obligation of, [21] ff., [35] f.
St. Demetra, [66].
Salamis: battle of, [109].
Salii, [227].
Salvation, [47], [55], [58], [60], [212] f., [274] f., [306] f., [324], [334].
Sanctity: ideal of, [209].
Samothrace: mysteries of, [71].
Saturn, [225], [237].
Saturninus, [246].
Scaevola, [243], [245].
Scepticism, of Sophists, [126] ff.
Sceptics, [244].
Scholia Venet. ad Il., XX, 67: 350.
Science: East home of, [297] f.
Scipio, [187], [254].
Second Punic War, [235], [259].
Secular games, [231].
Self-consciousness, [8], [21], [41] ff.
Seneca, [187], [188], [204], [250] ff.;
de Ben., III, 18, 2. 20. 28: 198;
Epist., 11, 8-10; 25, 5. 6: 254; 41, 2: 255; 41,
8: 254; 68, 2: 199; 92, 2 f.: 254; 95,
47-50: 200, 255; 95, 52: 197; 115, 5: 200, 255;
de Ira, III, 36, 1-4: 251;
de Otio, 4, 1: 199;
de Vita Beata, 17: 189, 253.
Serapis, [262], [271] f.
Seven Wise Men, [43].
Shamash, [278].
Sibyl: Cumaean, [221].
Sibylline Books, [221] ff., [230] ff., [260] ff.
Sicilian expedition, [133].
Simonides, Frg., 61: [76].
Socrates, [104] f., [129] ff., [144] ff., [184], [185], [188], [252].
Sol invictus, [279].
Solon, [41], [79], [81];
Frgg., 4, 1-16: 79; 13: 79 f.; 13, 31 f.: 81.
Sophists, [124] ff., [151], [183], [244].
Sophocles, [81], [90] f., [99] ff., [117], [133] ff.;
attitude toward gods, [100] f.;
concept of divine ordinances, [103] f.;
criticism of gods, [100] ff.;
and Eleusinian mysteries, [108];
on good and evil, [100];
life after death, [107] ff.;
suffering, [105] ff.
Ai., 127 ff.: 102 f.; 1343 f.: 104;
Antig., 450 ff.: 104; 621 ff.: 100; 1347 ff.: 102;
O. C., 495 ff.: 103; 1267 ff.: 106; 1381 f.: 100;
O. T., 863 ff.: 103;
Phil., 446 ff.: 101; 1440 ff.: 102;
Trach., 1136: 105;
Frgg., 103: 101; 226: 102, 135; 600: 105; 753: 71, 108.
σωφροσύνη, [94], [102].
σφραγίς, [353].
στέρησις, [166].
Stobaeus, Ecl., I, [1], 12: [194]; Flor., [40], 9: [199].
Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta (SVF), I, 175, 176, 537; II, 974 ff.: 194.
Stoics and Stoicism,
[184] ff., [208], [209], [212], [213], [241], [243] f.,
[245], [249] ff., [254] f., [335], [350];
allegorical interpretation of myths, [203], [350];
ascetic tendency, [201];
on brotherhood of man, [197] f., [202];
and Christianity, [197] f.;
cosmopolitanism, [196] ff., [254];
eclectic character, [185] ff.;
ethics, [187] ff.;
on evil, [194] ff.;
failure of, [256];
on Fate, [194];
freedom of the will, [195] f.;
όγος σπερματικός, [192];
on immanence of god, [193], [203];
individualism, [196];
missionary impulse, [199];
modified by Panaetius and Posidonius, [187] ff.;
a moral philosophy, [187] f.,
on Nature, [191];
pantheism, [192] f.;
on Providence, [194];
psychology, [192], [195];
on worship, [199] f., [255].
Suetonius, de Rhet., 1: 241.
Sulla, [246], [263].
σύμβολον, [354].
Syncretism, [268] ff.
Tarquins, [221], [222], [229] f.
Tatian, [328];
Orat., 5:331; 5-7: 333; 7 f., 11: 334; 13: 333; 20: 330.
Taurobolium, [288] ff.
Terence, [234].
Tertullian,
Apol., 37: 358;
adv. Valent., 17: 323.
Thales, [43], [297].
Theagenes, [350].
Thebes, [50], [72].
Theophrastus, [297].
Theophilus, ad Autol., 2, 15: 323.
Theognis, [75] ff.; [165] f.: [76]; [167] f.: [77]; [171] f.: [76]; [319] ff.: [78];
373-380: [80]; 383 ff.: 78; 425-431: 77; 583 f.: 77;
731 ff.: 81; 1029 ff.: 78; 1075 ff.: 77.
Theogony, of Hesiod, [28] ff.
θεός, τὸ θεῖον, in Plato, [164].
Theseus, [105].
Thomas Aquinas, [171].
Thucydides, [113] ff., [124]; Hist., II, 43-44: [113].
θυμοειδές, [155].
Thurii, [124].
Tibur, [230].
Timothy: 1 Epistle to, IV, I-3: 352.
Tiresias, [139].
Titans, [51] f.
Transcendence of god, [176], [208] ff., [215] ff., [331] f., [338], [343], [350].
Transmigration of souls, [161] f.
Trinity, [350].
Triumph, [222].
Tusculum, [230].
Typhon, [272].
Tyrannies, [41].
Ulpian, [198].
Union with god, [47] ff., [213], [219] f., [300], [314], [317], [322] f., [358].
Uranus, [238].
Valentinian I, [66].
Valentinus, [336] ff.
Varro, [225], [243] f., [245].
Vesta, [225], [226], [228], [233].
Virgil, [234], [236], [246]; Aen., VI: [248].
Vision of God, [213] f., [219] f., [347], [349].
Volcanus, [233].
Vows, [227] f.
Wisdom of Solomon, [258].
Wordsworth, quoted, [154].
Works and Days, of Hesiod, [30] ff.
Xenophanes, [118] ff., [350]; Frgg., [11], [14-16], [18], 23-26: [119].
Xenophon, apud Stob. Flor., [88], 14: [76].
Xerxes, [94] f.
Zaleucus, [41].
Zama, battle of, [221].
Zeno, [185] ff.
Zeus, [14] f., [19] f., [26] f., [54], [75] ff., [79], [80], [83], [92] ff.,
[193] f., [203], [237], [238].
Zopyrus, [53].

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Herod. 2, 53.

[2] Il. 5, 335 ff.; 855 ff.

[3] Il. 21, 400-426.

[4] Il. 1, 531-570.

[5] Il. 13, 1 ff.

[6] Od. 5, 1-298.

[7] Il. 18, 394-405.

[8] Il. 10, 515 ff.