QUESTIONS AND TOPICS
1. Condition of Italy about 1500. [Seebohm, Prot. rev., 21-26, with sketch-map.]
2. Venice about 1500: commerce, government, policy on sea and land. [Horatio F. Brown, Venice, chaps. 16, 17; or Cambridge mod. hist., vol. 1, chap. 8, by the same author.]
3. Contest of Venice with the Turks. [Brown, Venice, chap. 19.]
4. Decline of Venetian commerce. [A. H. Lybyer, The Ottoman Turks and the routes of Oriental trade, English Hist. Rev., Oct., 1915, 30: 577-588.]
5. Attempt of Gustavus Adolphus to make of Sweden a great power. [Encyc. Brit., Gustavus II.]
6. Social and economic conditions in Russia about 1700. [W. R. Morfill, Story of Russia, N. Y., Putnam, 1900, $1.50, chap. 13; H. M. Thompson, Russian politics, N. Y., 1896, chap. 2.]
7. History of Russia in the eighteenth century. [Manuals of European history; Thompson, chap. 3.]
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Aside from fragmentary sections in the current manuals the reader of English will find little literature available on the history of commerce in the minor states. Such suggestions for collateral reading as are given above will probably satisfy the needs of students who are not sufficiently advanced to use foreign languages.