TABLE 4.—MELTING POINTS AND ASH
| Product No. | Manufacturer | Melting Point, C. | Ash, % |
| 1 | Abbott Laboratories, Chicago | 208.5–210.5 | 0.05 |
| 2 | Abbott Laboratories, Chicago | 212 –213 | 0.05 |
| 1 | Calco Chem. Co., Bound Brook | 209 –210.5 | 0.07 |
| 1 | Morgenstern, New York | 204.5–207.5 | 2.8 |
| 2 | Morgenstern, New York | 208.5–211.5 | None |
| 1 | Schering and Glatz, New York | 206 –208 | None |
| 2 | Schering and Glatz, New York | 209 –211 | None |
| 3 | Schering and Glatz, New York | 208.5–210 | 0.17 |
| 4a | Schering and Glatz, New York (1) | 208.5–210 | 0.2 |
| 4b | Schering and Glatz, New York (2) | 208.5–209.5 | 0.3 |
| 4c | Schering and Glatz, New York (3) | 208.5–210 | 0.025 |
| 1 | Wm. H. Sweet and Co., Columbus | 204 –208 | None |
| 2 | Wm. H. Sweet and Co., Columbus | 209.5–211.5 | 0.04 |
| 1 | German specimen from Schering and Glatz | 210 –212 | None |
By referring to this table on melting points and ash content it will be noted that the production of a better grade of products resulted after the respective firms had submitted samples to the A. M. A. Chemical Laboratory for criticism, and from a chemical standpoint, the last products examined were found to be as satisfactory as the German-made “atophan.”
Solubility of Cinchophen (Phenylcinchoninic Acid).—As methods of determining impurities, or estimating the degree of purity of phenylcinchoninic acid were not described in the U. S. Pharmacopeia, it was decided to try extraction methods.[235] This in turn led to the question of solubilities. The U. S. Pharmacopeia gives the solubility of phenylcinchoninic acid only in general terms; hence it was deemed advisable to determine its solubilities and describe them in more definite terms. The sample of phenylcinchoninic acid employed to determine the solubility was obtained by repeated recrystallization from alcohol of a commercial specimen. Solubilities were determined in water; 95.0 per cent. alcohol; 48.5 per cent. alcohol;[236] chloroform and ethyl acetate.[237] Complete saturation of the solvent was attained according to the U. S. P. IX method (p. 599). The bath was maintained at a temperature of 25 C., with a range of ± 0.2 degrees. The solution was analyzed by the method of Seidell.[238] The data obtained for the solubility of phenylcinchoninic acid are given in Table 5.
TABLE 5.—SOLUBILITY OF CINCOPHEN
| Solvent | Gm. per Hun- dred Gm. of Sat. Solution | Solubility, Parts by Weight | |
Distilled water | 0.0160 | 1 in | 6,216.0 |
95 per cent. ethyl alcohol | 0.8343 | 1 in | 119.0 |
Dilute ethyl alcohol | 0.0875 | 1 in | 1,142.6 |
Chloroform | 0.1075 | 1 in | 929.7 |
Ethyl acetate | 1.4151 | 1 in | 70.6 |
The Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, have been licensed by the Federal Trade Commission to manufacture cinchophen. Other firms, however, have decided to manufacture it without the formality of obtaining a license, evidently considering the German-obtained patent not to be valid.[239]
PROCAIN (NOVOCAIN)
Procain was introduced in medicine under the proprietary name “novocain,” and before the war was obtainable in this country only through the Farbwerke Hoechst Company, the American representative of the German establishment, Farbwerke vorm Meister Lucius Bruening, Hoechst a. M. Chemically it is the mono-hydrochlorid of para-amino-benzoyl-diethyl-amino-ethanol, having the structural formula:
NH2—