[184] American Indians (H. C. Yarrow, Introduction to the Study of Mortuary Customs among the North American Indians, p. 5 ff.); Egypt (Wilkinson, The Ancient Egyptians, chap. x); see article "Funérailles" in La Grande Encyclopédie. Grant Allen, in The Evolution of the Idea of God, chap. iii, connects the idea of bodily resurrection with the custom of inhumation and the idea of immortality with cremation, but this view is not borne out by known facts.
[185] Frazer, Golden Bough, 2nd ed., i, 262, 278.
[186] The doctrine of reincarnation in India followed on that of Hades, and stood in a certain opposition to it. Cf. Hopkins, Religions of India, pp. 204 ff., 530 n. 3; Bloomfield, Religion of the Veda, pp. 211, 252 ff.
[187] Zoroastrian Studies, p. 236. Prexaspes says that "if the dead rise again" Smerdis maybe the son of Cyrus. He may mean that this is not probable. Smerdis, he would in that case say, is certainly dead, and this pretender can be the son of Cyrus only in case the dead come to life.
[188] Diogenes Laertius in Müller, Fragmenta Historicorum Gracorum, i, 289; cf. Plutarch, Isis and Osiris, 47, and Herodotus, i, 131-140. See Spiegel, Eranische Alterthumskunde, ii 158 ff.
[189] Occasional reincarnation in human form is found elsewhere. The Mazdeans made it universal.
[190] There is no certain or probable reference to it in the Old Testament before this. Ezek. xxxvii, 1-14, is obviously a figurative prediction of national (not individual) resuscitation, and the obscure passage Isa. xxvi, 19 seems to refer to the reëstablishment of the nation, and in any case is not earlier than the fourth century B.C. and may be later.
[191] Dan. xii; 2 Macc. vii, 14; Enoch, xci, 10; xxii.
[192] 1 Cor. xv, 23; Rom. vi, 4; viii, 11; John vi, 54.
[193] Acts xxiv, 15; John v, 28 f.