[284] Josh. vii (story of Achan).
[285] Examples are given in Frazer's Golden Bough, loc. cit.
[286] Lev. xiv, 1-9.
[287] Lev. xvi. Cf. the vision (Zech. v, 5 ff.) in which wickedness (or guilt), in the shape of a woman, is represented (in no brotherly spirit) as being transferred from Jewish soil to Shinar (Chaldea).
[288] Miss J. E. Harrison, Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion, p. 95 ff.
[289] Later the festival was certainly connected with the driving forth of winter, but its earlier form was, probably, as given above.
[290] W. W. Fowler, Roman Festivals, Index, s.v. Mamurius, Lupercalia. The beating was supposed also to have fertilizing power; cf. S. Hartland, Primitive Paternity, i, 100 ff.
[291] Deut. xvi; Ex. xii.
[292] In some savage tribes the older men seem to have nothing to do but arrange ceremonies.
[293] There is a faint survival, perhaps, in the use of incense in churches.