[654] Here, as in the case of the divinization of living men (§ 347 n., above), outside suggestion is probable.

[655] Cf. article "Cæsarism" in Hastings, Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics.

[656] Boissier, La religion romaine, i, 182. An illustration of religious ideas in the third century is afforded by the enrollment of Caracalla among the heroes, a divinizing decree of the Senate having been extorted by the turbulent and mercenary soldiery (Dio Cassius, ed. Boissevain [Eng. tr. by H. B. Foster], lxxix, 9).

[657] A. Müller, Islam, i, 494; W. Muir, The Caliphate, p. 553 ff.

[658] In Isa. lxiii, 16, 'Abraham' appears to be a synonym of 'Israel,' and the reference then is to the nonrecognition of certain Jews by the national leaders.

[659] The narratives of the Pentateuch; Herodotus, v, 66; Pausanias, i, 5, 1.

[660] Article "Romulus" in Roscher's Lexikon.

[661] See below, § 652.

[662] Herodotus, v, 66 al.

[663] Saussaye, Religion of the Teutons, pp. 163, 170, 206.