[1334] Mannhardt, Antike Wald und Feldkulte, p. 135 f.; Roscher, op. cit., col. 1406; Farnell, Cults of the Greek States, v, 431, and many others. To this etymology Gruppe (op. cit., p. 1385) objects that such a name for a deity is not probable for primitive savage times; he offers nothing in its place.
[1335] Plutarch, De Defectu Oraculorum, 17; Reinach, Orpheus (Eng. tr.), p. 41.
[1336] Pindar, ed. W. Christ, Fragments, 95 ff.
[1337] Theogony, 922 f.
[1338] Euripides, Bacchæ, 131 f. (cf. Æschylus, The Seven against Thebes, 541; Porphyry, De Abstinentia, § 13).
[1339] Nili Opera, p. 27; Smith, Religion of the Semites, 2d ed., p. 338 f.; Spencer, Principles of Sociology, i, 288.
[1340] See above, § 384 ff.
[1341] Iliad, xiv, 325.
[1342] Perhaps the description of him in the Iliad (loc. cit.) as "a joy to mortals" refers to wine; cf. Hesiod, Theogony, 941, where he is called the "bright joyous one."
[1343] As, for example, the Arabian clan god Dusares (Dhu ash-Shara), carried by the Nabateans northward, was brought into relation with the viticulture of that region. Cf. above, § 764.