This list can be reduced to one half the number. Quantity, Quality, Posture, Condition are kinds of Attribute or Property of the Substance. Place and Time are valid. Action and Passion are both referable to causation. Non-causal sequence or consecution (as day following night)—one of the commonest judgments—is not mentioned.

The Stoics reduced Aristotle's ten categories to four—Substratum or Substance, the Essential Quality, Manner of being, and Relation.

Kaṇáda, a Hindu philosopher, has six categories—Substance, Quality, Action, Genus, Individuality, and Concretion or Co-inherence.

Plotinus was acquainted with the Aristotelian and Stoic lists and offers as his own:—(1) Fundamental forms of the Ideal—Being, Rest, Motion, Identity, Difference; (2) Categories of the Sensible—Substance, Relation, Quality, Quantity, Motion.

Descartes recognised but two final categories, the Absolute and the Relative.

Kant has an elaborate scheme of categories, which he considered to be, not merely classes of judgments, but innate power of the mind by which we are moved to form the judgments. They are the following:—

I.Of Quantity.Unity, Plurality, Totality.
II.Of Quality.Reality, Negation, Limitation.
III.Of Relation.Of Inherence and Subsistence
(substantia et accidens).
Of Causality and Dependence
(cause and effect).
Of Community (reciprocity between
the active and the passive).
IV.Of Modality.Possibility, Impossibility, Existence,
Non-existence, Necessity,
Contingency.

Sir William Hamilton's categories were Being, Being by itself, and Being by accident.