c. Laws.—Origin of laws. Primitive ethics. Dualism of ethics. Evolution of the moral sense. The Taboo. Blood revenge. Tenures of land. Classes above law. Castes. Privileged classes. Codified laws. International laws.

C. Technology.

a. The Utilitarian Arts.—Manufacture of tools, utensils, weapons, and agricultural, etc., implements. Architecture and building. Clothing and fashions. Means of transportation by land and water. Agriculture. Domestication of plants and animals. Weights, measures, and instruments of precision. Media of exchange, currency, money, articles of barter and commerce.

b. The Esthetic Arts.—Theory of the sense of the beautiful. Decorative designs in line and color. Skin-painting. Tattooing. Sculpture and modeling. Music and musical instruments. Scents and flowers. Games and festivals.

D. Religion.

a. Psychological Origin of Religions.—Principles and method of the science of religion. Personal, family, and tribal religions. Ancestral worship. Doctrines of animism; fetichism; polytheism; henotheism; monotheism; universal religions.

b. Mythology.—Definition and growth of myths. Solar light and storm myths. Creation and deluge myths. Relation of myths to language.

c. Symbolism and Religious Art.—Relation of symbolism to fetichism. Primitive idols. Charms and amulets. Tokens. Tombs, temples, altars. Sacrifice. Symbolism of colors and numbers. Special symbols; the bird; the serpent; trees; the cross; the svastika; the circle, etc.

d. Religious Teachers and Doctrines.—The priestly class. Shamanism. Theocracies. Secret orders. Initiations. Diviners. Augurs and prophets. Doctrines of soul. Fatalism.