[37] This is the result of the most recent researches. See Prof. J. N. Woldrich’s paper, “Ueber die palaeolithische Zeit Mittel-Europas,” in the Correspondenz-Blatt der Deutschen Gesell. für Anthropologie, 1889, p. 110, sq. Also Verhand. der Berliner Anthrop. Gesell., 1884, s. 530, for the absence of the old stone age in Siberia, a fact which also tells heavily against the first peopling of America from that region.
[38] G. de Mortillet, Le Préhistorique Antiquité de l’Homme, p. 120. (Paris, 1883.) A. Gaudry, Le Dryopithèque (Paris, 1890).
[39] Darwin, The Descent of Man, p. 155. (New York, 1883).
[40] For the details of these features, see the work of E. Suess, Das Antlitz der Erde, Bd. I., s. 371, 768, etc. (Leipzig, 1885.)
[41] On the recent connection of North Africa with Europe, see A. R. Wallace, The Geographical Distribution of Animals, Vol. I., pp. 38, 39; De Mortillet, Le Prehistorique Antiquité de l’Homme, p. 225. “Even in post-tertiary times,” writes Huxley (Physiography, p. 308), “Africa was united to Europe at the Straits of Gibraltar and across by Malta and Sicily. The Sahara is an old sea bottom, which was below water at a comparatively recent period.” “The Atlas mountains,” remarks Suess, “belong to the intricate orographic system of Europe.” (Das Antlitz der Erde, Bd. I., s. 462.)
[42] Emile Cartailhac Les Ages Préhistoriques de l’Espagne et du Portugal, pp. 24-30 (Paris, 1886).
[43] Comp. Dr. Bleicher and Sir John Lubbock in the Journal of the Anthropological Institute, Vol. X., p. 318; Dr. R. Collignon in Bulletin de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris, 1886, p. 676, sq.
[44] See the article of C. Zittel, “Sur les silex taillés trouvës dans le desert Libyque,” in Congrès Internat. d’Anthropologie et d’Archéologie, 1874, pp. 78, etc.
[45] See W. D. Gooch, “The Stone Age of South Africa,” in Journal of the Anthropological Institute, 1881, p. 173, sq., and various later reports and discussions in the same periodical.
[46] This opinion was long ago expressed by the distinguished geologist, d’ Omalius d’ Halloy: “Tout nous porte á croire que les differences que presente le genre humain remontent á un ordre de choses antérieur á l’état actuel du globe terrestre.” Des Races Humaines, p. 11 (Paris, 1845). This is also the result of recent studies. See Prof. Edward S. Morse, on “Man in the Tertiaries,” in the American Naturalist, 1884, p. 1010.