[55] Barth is of opinion that the Berbers conquered the Sahara, not from blacks, but “from the sub-Libyan race, the Leucæthiopes of the ancients, with whom they intermarried” (Travels in Africa, Vol. I., 340). This is, I think, the correct opinion, and not that the Sahara was occupied by the negroes.
[56] Ritter, Erdkunde, Bd. I., s. 561.
[57] Walter B. Harris, in Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, 1889, p. 490.
[58] For numerous authorities, see Sabin Berthelot, Bulletin de la Société d’ Ethnologie, 1845, p. 121, sq., and his Antiquités Canariennes (Paris, 1879).
[59] The early Greek geographer known as Scylax, also speaks of the Libyan men as blondes, and very handsome. For a recent and able discussion of this subject, consult F. Borsari, Geografica Ethnologica e Storica della Tripolitana, p. 23, sq. (Naples, 1888). The French writers Broca, Faidherbe, etc., have also written copiously on the Libyan blondes.
[60] The Tahennu. Rawlinson, History of Ancient Egypt, Vol. II. p. 292.
[61] As distinguished from the Arab, Pruner Bey described the Kabyle as “of higher stature, cerebral and facial cranium broader, forehead more vertical, eyebrows less arched, jaws more orthognathic.” My own studies in Algeria lead me to recognize the correctness of these distinctions. Dr. R. Collignon describes what he thinks is the most ancient Tunisian type as tall, dolichocephalic (73), mesorrhinic (75), narrow face, forehead and chin retreating. He says of the blonde element in Tunisia that it is “assez rare, mais un peu partout.” Bull. de la Soc. d’ Anthropologie de Paris, 1886, pp. 620, 621.
[62] Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1888, s. 115.
[63] Yet Barth mentions that in the western Sahara one of the most powerful of the Berber tribes was called Aurághen, the yellow, or the gold-colored. Travels in Africa, vol. i, pp. 230, 339.
[64] See Broca, “Sur les blondes, et les monuments megalithiques de l’Afrique du Nord,” in Revue d’ Anthropologie, 1876; and Faidherbe, Collection Compléte d’ Inscriptions Numidiques, Introduction. (Paris, 1870.)