[31-1] An Outline of the Necessary Laws of Thought, p. 113 (New York, 1860).
[37-1] The Dhamapada, verse 93.
[37-2] Koppen, Der Buddhismus, s. 30.
[39-1] Spencer in assuming an “unknowable universal causal agent and source of things,” as “the nature of the power manifested in phenomena,” and in calling this the idea common to both religion and “ideal science,” fell far behind Comte, who expressed the immovable position, not only of positive science but of all intelligence, in these words: “Le véritable esprit positif consiste surtout à substituer toujours l’étude des lois invariables des phénomènes à celles de leurs causes proprement dites, premières ou finales, en un mot la determination du comment à celle du pourquoi.”—Systèmede Politique Positive, i. p. 47. Compare Spencer’s Essay entitled, “Reasons for dissenting from Comte.” The purposive law is the only final cause which reason allows. Comte’s error lay in ignoring this class of laws.
[43-1] The Institutes of Metaphysic, 2d Ed. See also Bain, The Emotions and the Will, the closing note.
[44-1] Boole, Laws of Thought, p. 401.