Asylum.Number of patients.Criminals.Under restraint last visit.
Provincial Licensed Houses.
Derby—Green Hill House251
Durham—Gateshead Fell9281
Essex—High Beach342
Gloucester—Fishponds451
„ Northwoods291
„ Fairford17511
Hants—Grove Place7811
Herefordshire—Whitchurch3221
Kent—West Malling Place403
Lancaster—Blakely House241
Northumberland—Bell Grove House131
Oxford—Witney112
„ Hook-Norton5712
Somerset—Bailbrook House92310
Stafford—Oulton Retreat252
„ Sandfield441
Sussex—Ringmer31
Warwick—Duddeston Hall8736
„ Kingstown House912
Wilts—Bellevue House18155
„ Fiddington House19333
Worcester—Droitwich9122
York, East Riding—Hull and East Riding Refuge11581
„ „ Hessle121
„ West Riding—Castleton Lodge151
„ „ Grove House415
„ „ Heworth291

If for the purpose of comparison at different years we take one asylum, Ringmer in Sussex, there were in November 1829, nineteen patients, of whom five were under restraint by day, and seven by night. In 1830 (February) the number of patients was twenty, and of these eleven were under restraint by day and six by night; while in October of the same year, out of eighteen patients, there were nine under restraint. In 1831, there were twenty-two patients, ten of whom were under restraint. Writing in 1848, the Commissioners enumerate the various changes for the better which had then taken place, among which were—an active medical superintendence; the abolition of excessive use of mechanical restraint, there being sometimes only one or two, and occasionally no patient whatever, under mechanical restraint; the introduction of warm and cold baths; the cleanliness of the day-rooms and dormitories; the addition of a good library, and various amusements and means of occupation; and also an excellent dietary. Such is a sample of the happy change which was, in many instances, brought about by inspection.

The following classification of asylums in 1851 will show at a glance the progress made in providing accommodation from time to time, consequent upon legislation:—

1. Asylums existing prior to passing of Act 8 and 9 Vict., c. 126.
Accommodation for pauper lunatics at passing of the Act 5560
Additional accommodation provided therein since the passing of the Act 1753
Total accommodation 7313
2. Asylums in progress of erection at passing of Act 8 and 9 Vict., c. 126,and since opened.
Number for which designed 997
Subsequent additions 206
Total present accommodation 1203
3. Asylums erected or provided under the provisions of the Act 8 and 9Vict., c. 126, and now opened.
Accommodation for pauper lunatics 1114
4. Asylums in progress of erection under Act 8 and 9 Vict., c. 126,and not yet opened.
Proposed accommodation for pauper lunatics 4299
Under provisions of previous Acts 6557
Under Act 8 and 9 Vict., c. 126 7372
Total 13,929
Exclusive of 192 in Northampton Hospital.
Asylums existing prior to or at the passing of Act 8 and 9 Vict., c. 126—
Beds., Herts and Hants., Chester, Cornwall, Devon, Dorset,Gloucester, Kent, Lancaster (containing the largest number of patients,700), Leicester and Rutland, Middlesex (Hanwell), Norfolk, Notts.,Salop and Montgomery, Stafford, Suffolk, Surrey, West Riding,Yorkshire, Bristol (borough). Wales—Haverfordwest (town andcounty), Montgomery (see Salop).
Asylums in progress of erection at the passing of this Act, and sinceopened—
Oxford and Berks, Somerset, North and East Riding, Yorkshire. Wales—Anglesea, Carnarvon, Denbigh, Flint, Merioneth.
Total number for which designed 997
Additions since passing the Act 206
Total 1203
Counties in which no steps are taken to provide asylums—
Cumberland, Durham, Northampton, Sussex, Westmoreland.
Total accommodation 5560
Subsequent additions 1753
Total 7313
Asylums erected or provided under the above Act and now opened—
West Lancashire (Rainhill), East Lancashire (Prestwich, nearManchester), Birmingham (borough), Kingston-upon-Hull.
For these asylums the accommodation provided in the first instancewas 1114.

There were still upwards of fifty boroughs for whose pauper lunatics no legal provision was made, and no asylum was then erected for the City of London.

Under the head of mechanical restraint, the Commissioners now report that it has still further diminished, and has in some houses been absolutely abolished. However, in fifty entries made in the books of thirty-six private asylums, abuses and defects are animadverted upon in fifteen instances in regard to restraint, in twenty instances in regard to bedding and clothing, nine in regard to diet, seven in regard to cleanliness, and four in regard to management and treatment. They observe that the number of lunatics in workhouses has diminished in a very marked degree.

In this Report the Commissioners take the opportunity of animadverting, also, upon the defective state of the law in regard to the property of lunatics; the good effect of the Act 8 and 9 Vict., c. 100, being lessened by this and other causes.

Turning to the year 1854, nearly ten years after the Act of 1845 had been in fruitful operation, we find the Commissioners attaching importance to the alterations recently made in the law of lunacy by the three important statutes, 16 and 17 Vict., c. 70 (the "Lunacy Regulation Act" of 1853) which refers to Chancery lunatics; 16 and 17 Vict., c. 90 (an amendment of the Act under which the Board was constituted); and 16 and 17 Vict., c. 97 (the "Lunatic Asylums Act," 1853).

These Acts, with 8 and 9 Vict., c. 100, and 15 and 16 Vict., c. 48, and the Acts relative to criminal lunatics, constituted at that period the code of law of lunacy.