[68] The following are the leading sources of information upon this subject: G. Bühler, Indische Palaeographie, particularly chap. vi; A. C. Burnell, South Indian Palæography, 2d ed., London, 1878, where tables of the various Indian numerals are given in Plate XXIII; E. C. Bayley, "On the Genealogy of Modern Numerals," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. XIV, part 3, and Vol. XV, part 1, and reprint, London, 1882; I. Taylor, in The Academy, January 28, 1882, with a repetition of his argument in his work The Alphabet, London, 1883, Vol. II, p. 265, based on Bayley; G. R. Kaye, loc. cit., in some respects one of the most critical articles thus far published; J. C. Fleet, Corpus inscriptionum Indicarum, London, 1888, Vol. III, with facsimiles of many Indian inscriptions, and Indian Epigraphy, Oxford, 1907, reprinted from the Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. II, pp. 1-88, 1907; G. Thibaut, loc. cit., Astronomie etc.; R. Caldwell, Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian Languages, London, 1856, p. 262 seq.; and Epigraphia Indica (official publication of the government of India), Vols. I-IX. Another work of Bühler's, On the Origin of the Indian Brāhma Alphabet, is also of value.
[69] The earliest work on the subject was by James Prinsep, "On the Inscriptions of Piyadasi or Aśoka," etc., Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1838, following a preliminary suggestion in the same journal in 1837. See also "Aśoka Notes," by V. A. Smith, The Indian Antiquary, Vol. XXXVII, 1908, p. 24 seq., Vol. XXXVIII, pp. 151-159, June, 1909; The Early History of India, 2d ed., Oxford, 1908, p. 154; J. F. Fleet, "The Last Words of Aśoka," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, October, 1909, pp. 981-1016; E. Senart, Les inscriptions de Piyadasi, 2 vols., Paris, 1887.
[70] For a discussion of the minor details of this system, see Bühler, loc. cit., p. 73.
[71] Julius Euting, Nabatäische Inschriften aus Arabien, Berlin, 1885, pp. 96-97, with a table of numerals.
[72] For the five principal theories see Bühler, loc. cit., p. 10.
[73] Bayley, loc. cit., reprint p. 3.
[74] Bühler, loc. cit.; Epigraphia Indica, Vol. III, p. 134; Indian Antiquary, Vol. VI, p. 155 seq., and Vol. X, p. 107.
[75] Pandit Bhagavānlāl Indrājī, "On Ancient Nāgāri Numeration; from an Inscription at Nāneghāt," Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1876, Vol. XII, p. 404.
[76] Ib., p. 405. He gives also a plate and an interpretation of each numeral.
[77] These may be compared with Bühler's drawings, loc. cit.; with Bayley, loc. cit., p. 337 and plates; and with Bayley's article in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., art. "Numerals."