[154] Cantor, Geschichte der Mathematik, Vol. I (3), p. 608.
[155] Bühler, loc. cit., p. 78.
[156] Bayley, p. 38.
[157] Noviomagus, in his De numeris libri duo, Paris, 1539, confesses his ignorance as to the origin of the zero, but says: "D. Henricus Grauius, vir Graecè & Hebraicè eximè doctus, Hebraicam originem ostendit," adding that Valla "Indis Orientalibus gentibus inventionem tribuit."
[158] See Essays, Vol. II, pp. 287 and 288.
[159] Vol. XXX, p. 205 seqq.
[160] Loc. cit., p. 284 seqq.
[161] Colebrooke, loc. cit., p. 288.
[162] Loc. cit., p. 78.
[163] Hereafter, unless expressly stated to the contrary, we shall use the word "numerals" to mean numerals with place value.