CONTENTS

CHAPTER

PRONUNCIATION OF ORIENTAL NAMES [vi]

I. EARLY IDEAS OF THEIR ORIGIN [1]

II. EARLY HINDU FORMS WITH NO PLACE VALUE [12]

III. LATER HINDU FORMS, WITH A PLACE VALUE [38]

IV. THE SYMBOL ZERO [51]

V. THE QUESTION OF THE INTRODUCTION OF THE

NUMERALS INTO EUROPE BY BOETHIUS [63]

VI. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NUMERALS AMONG THE ARABS [91]