[61]. The South Carolina facts come from “Rising Trend of Computer Age: Employees Who Work at Home,” the New York Times, March 12, 1981, p. 1; “Computers Turn Dens into Offices,” USA Today, May 9, 1983, p. 1; and “Home Computer Sweatshops.” The Nation, April 2, 1983, p. 390. In addition, I talked to Ann Blackwell and her husband, Tim, assistant vice-president of basic and major medical claims at Blue Cross-Blue Shield, in South Carolina.
[62]. The Nussbaum quotes are from “9 to 5 President Raps Office Automation, Says It Deskills, Devalues Office Jobs,” Computerworld, May 3, 1982, p. 53.
[63]. The Seattle example is from Business Week, May 3, 1982, p. 66.
[64]. USA Today, March 28, 1984, p. 3B, reported Management Recruiters’ telecommuting survey.
[65]. William Renfro’s comments appeared in The Futurist, June 1982.
[66]. The Xerox example comes from correspondence, interviews, and the Financial Times, London, July 20, 1982.
[67]. Thanks to Mike Bell for helping me obtain figures comparing telecommuting costs to alternatives. And the editor has simplified the numbers presented.
[68]. Nilles may have been the first to envision neighborhood centers for telecommuters.
[69]. The 1977 Stanford study discusses the neighborhood-center concept in depth and describes a number of possibilities, many of them overlapping with my “munytel” idea. The term “munytel” is mine.
[70]. Elizabeth Carlson of Continental Illinois said the community college had ended the experiment after buying its own equipment. But the bank feels the arrangement was successful. In fact, it set up a satellite word-processing center in a shopping center near the college.