In Letters XXIII to LXVIII, and in LXXVIII to LXXX, the positions are as follows:—
1. By importing cheap foreign corn the public saves the whole difference in price (XXIII, XXIV).
2. It must be allowed that the prices of articles, besides varying with the amount of necessary labour bestowed on them, vary with the value of their raw material (XXV).
3. Apart from changes in the currency, a rise in the price of corn and a fall in the corn wages of labour, would be a contradiction (XXVI).
4. It follows from the principle of Population that the rate, as distinguished from the amount, of agricultural production, grows not greater, but less, when the increase of population drives agriculture to the cultivation of poorer soils (XXVII, XXVIII, cf. XLIX).
5. This means that the whole cost in corn will be greater in proportion to the whole produce of corn, and, though the whole cost in money may be less in proportion to the whole produce in money, the rate of profits from farming will fall (XXIX).
6. A tax on home corn raises prices twice over, and should be accompanied by a countervailing duty, not necessary in other cases (XXIX).
7. In order of time, the increased price of corn comes first, and the costly cultivation second, but this increase of farmers' profits may be due to a fall in general profits that is itself caused by the increased price of corn (XXIX).
8. The progress of wealth has a tendency to lower profits and increase rent (XXIX).
9. Mere increase in quantity of corn will not prevent increase in price if the numbers of consumers have increased in equal or greater proportion. So it will be one day in America (XXX).