Perris, Ann. Soc. ent. France (4) x. 1870, p. 321, pl. 4; and Laboulbène, op. cit. (5) iii. 1873, p. 50, pl. v.
Perris, Ann. Soc. ent. France (4) x. 1870, p. 354.
Ent. Meddelelser, ii. 1890, p. 213.
Frauenfeld, Verh. Ges. Wien, xx. p. 37, pl. iii.
For monograph of Pipunculidae, see Becker, Berlin. ent. Zeitschr. xlii. 1897, pp. 25-100.