The following table shows the amount and value of tropical products imported into the United States during the year ended June 30, 1913:—

ProductsAmountValue
Cocoa140,039,172 lb.$17,389,042
Coffee863,130,757 lb.118,963,209
Fibres407,098 T.49,075,659
Manufactures of fibres——76,972,416
Fruits and nuts——42,622,653
Goatskins45,729,000 T.24,790,417
Gums of various kinds——15,138,895
Rubber214,000,000 lb.101,333,158
Matting——1,651,813
Vegetable oils——38,112,883
Silk, unmanufactured——84,914,717
Spices65,225,401 lb.6,187,136
Sugar4,740,041,488 lb.103,639,823
Tea94,812,800 lb.17,433,688
Leaf tobacco67,454,745 lb.35,919,079
Manufactured tobacco——6,577,403
Cabinet woods——8,880,000
Rattans and reeds——1,800,000
$751,401,991

The balance of trade with the more important countries from which we get these products is heavily against us, as is shown by the following table in which I have included Switzerland, not because we get tropical or sub-tropical products from that country, but because it furnishes us embroideries, etc., which could be very cheaply produced in the Philippines. The figures are for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1913:—

U. S. Imports fromU. S. Exports toBalance against U. S.
Brazil$120,155,855$42,638,467$77,517,388
Cuba126,088,17370,581,15455,507,019
British E. I.116,178,18215,108,956101,069,226
Japan91,633,24057,741,81533,891,425
China39,010,80021,326,83417,683,966
Switzerland23,260,180826,54922,433,631
Mexico77,543,84254,571,58422,972,258
Colombia15,992,3217,397,6968,594,625
Venezuela10,852,3315,737,1185,115,213
Egypt19,907,8281,660,83318,246,995
$640,622,752$277,591,006$363,031,746

There is no such relationship with the Philippines, which during 1912 imported $20,770,536 worth of merchandise from the United States to offset the $21,619,686 worth shipped to that country.

The Philippines could readily produce all of these products in quantities sufficient to meet the demands of the United States if there were proper development of the resources of the islands, which have rich land, good labour and suitable climate, but lack capital and competent, skilled supervision.

The situation has been admirably summed up in the following statement issued some time since by the Manila Merchants’ Association:—

“The Philippines will consume of imported commodities what they are able to pay for. Their purchasing capacity will always be measured by their production of export commodities. There is nothing that they produce, or are adapted to produce, that the United States is not at present under the necessity of buying from foreign countries whose import trade it does not, and never will, control. Thus it cannot hope for such advantages in other fields yielding tropical products as it already possesses in these Islands.”

The Philippines should furnish the bulk of the tropical products imported into the United States. The commerce between the two countries should in the very near future increase to $100,000,000 per year each way and should go on increasing more and more rapidly thereafter.