The Life of Yakoob Beg; Athalik Ghazi, and Badaulet; Ameer of Kashgar - Demetrius Charles Boulger

A STORY FROM KASHGAR.

Mirza Mulla Rahmat, of Kashgar, who arrived at Peshawur lately, on his way to Mecca, has told what he knows about events in Kashgar. The following is his story:—In the month of Jamadi-us-sani 1294 (June-July, 1877), that Mahomed Yakoob Khan, the Badshah of Kashgar, collected a large army to fight the Chinese. He died near the town of Balisan (? Bai), and his army then recognized Hakim Khan Torah as his successor. The mullahs in Kashgar in the meantime appointed Beg Kuli Beg, Yakoob's eldest son, as their Badshah, according to Yakoob's will. Hakim Khan and the army which joined him then came to Aksu, where Beg Kuli Beg also arrived, meaning to capture the place and the person of the usurper. A battle was fought between Kuli Beg and Hakim Khan on the 26th and 27th of Rajah (27th and 28th July, 1877), and Hakim Khan was defeated. Many of the soldiers belonging to Hakim Khan's force fell in the battle, and many others were starved, and some were drowned crossing a river. Hakim Khan then went into Russian territory with 1,000 chosen soldiers. Beg Kuli Beg now seized several towns and returned to Kashgar. In the meantime Naiz Hakim Beg, the Governor of Khoten, rebelled, and Kuli Beg met him in the field, and captured Khoten. The Beg was scarcely a week at that place when he heard that the Chinese had arrived at Aksu and had taken it. An officer (Kho Dalay?) of the Chinese army who had turned Mahomedan (but subsequently recanted) attacked Yangy Shahr, the capital, and, capturing it, shut himself up there. The town was then besieged by the Governor of Kashgar, and the siege continued for fifty days. Then Kuli Beg came up, and, forcing his entry into the town, took possession of it, and destroyed the fort. But on the 10th of Zillhij (16th of December) a strong Chinese force entered the country, and rapidly reconquered the possessions of the late Yakoob Khan. Beg Kuli Beg then fled with his men to Tashkent, which he reached by Mingyol Osh and Marghilan, and put himself under the protection of the Russian Governor there. Mulla Yunus Jan, the Governor of Yarkand, and his son and brother fell into the hands of Hasan Jan Bai, Ikskal (? Aksakal).

The above is taken from the columns of an Indian journal, and is inserted here for the purpose of showing that the converted Chinese, or Yangy Mussulmans, did revolt from their allegiance to Yakoob Beg the instant a Khitay force appeared in Altyshahr.

INDEX OF SUBJECTS.

Aali, see [Hakim Khan].
Ababakar, 34–[36].
Abderrahman Aftobatcha, [18], [209-210], [211].
Abderrahman Khoja (King of Yarkand), [102].
Abdul Aziz, [170], [196].
Abdul Melik, [248].
Abdullah (Yusuf's son), [46], [47].
Abdullah Pansad, [102], [104], [107], [114-116], [117], [137], [158], [171].
Abdullah Zizad, [23].
Ablai (Kirghiz chief), [50].
Acbash, [44].
Ægis of British protection, [204].
Afak, [44].
Afghan Ameer sends embassy to Pekin, [51].
Afghanistan, [8], [49].
Afghan settlers, [16], passim.
Afridun Wang, [98-99].
Agha Bula, [265].
Ahmad, [35], [46].
Ak Musjid, siege of, [79-81].
Ak Robat, [228].
Aksai Plateau, [3].
Aksakal, [57-58], [64], [69], passim.
Aksakals (risings under), [66], passim.
Aksu, [2], [3], [37], [46], [66], [272], [273].
coal at, [163].
description of, [7].
siege of, [127], [273].
Aktaghluc, [37], [44-46], [47], [49].
description of, [52-53].
Alaja "the slayer," [35]; see [Ahmad].
Alim, [146].
Alim Kuli, [83-85], [86], [87], passim.
Alish Beg, [172], [231].
Almatie, see [Vernoe].
Alty Shahr, [8], [16], [44], passim.
Amban, [54], [63], passim.
of Yarkand, or Khan Amban, [54].
Ameer, or Emir, [196], [220], passim.
Ameers of Central Asia, [39].
Amoor, [25], [42].
Amursana, [45-48], [49], [252].
Andijani, [4], [12], [158], [160].
Andijani Serai, [153].
Appak Khoja, [252].
Arabdan Khan, [45].
Arabs, [23].
Arpa Tai, battle of, [270].
Artosh, [12], [22], [181].
Aryan family, [14], [17].
Athalik Ghazi, [1], [118], [186], passim.
Azmill Khoja, [31].
Babur, [36].
Badakshan, [8], [33], [36], [48], [49], [106], [107], [118].
Badakshi settlers, [16].
Badaulet, [200], [248].
Bahanuddin (son of Sarimsak), [64].
Bai, [272].
Barhanuddin, [46], [47], [48], [49].
Baroghil, [8], [29].
Bartchuk, [3]; see also [Maralbashi].
Bayen Hu, [253], [266], [267], [271].
Bazandai, [125].
Bedal Pass, [273].
Beg, [220-221].
Beg Bacha, see [Kuli Beg].
Bellew, Dr., [22], [171], [222].
Benefits conferred by China on Kashgar, [58], passim.
Berdan rifles, [246].
Bhots, [9].
Biddulph, Capt., [222].
Birlas, [32].
Birma, [42].
Black Sea, [14].
Bokhara, [18], [23], [25], [30], [69], [83], [178], [209], passim.
Russian treaty with, [179].
sack of, [30].
Bolor, [37], [65].
Bostang Lake, [266].
Buddhism, [25], passim.
Buddhists, [16], [31], passim.
Bugur, fight at, [269].
Burac, [30].
Buzurg Khan, [2], [71], [87], [91], [103], [107], [108], [110].
intrigues against Yakoob Beg, [111], [117].
deposed by Yakoob Beg, [117].
Cabul, [28], [211].
Calmucks, [19], [44], passim.
Calmuck settlements, [19], [44].
Canals, [59].
Candahar, [28].
Caravanbashi, [204].
Carts used in Kashgar, [227-228].
Cashmere, [1], [37], [60].
Caspian, [14].
Cay Yoli, [67].
Chaghtai Khan, [29].
Cha-hi-telkh, [267].
Champion Father, [118].
Chang Lung, [67].
Chang Tay, [112].
Chang Yao, [237], [246], [247], [263], [272].
Chapman, Capt., [222].
Charjui, [179].
Chightam, [10], [134], passim.
China, [41-43], passim.
Chinaz, [85].
Chinese and Khokand, [49].
Chinese army, character of, [275].
Chinese at Lhasa, [234].
Chinese Empire in Central Asia, [22], [39], [43].
Chinese, first reverse of, [65].
Chinese in Kashgar, [49], [54-75].
Chinese merchants, [5].
Chinese moderation, [249], [270].
Chinese north of Tian Shan, [236].
Chinese overthrow Tungani, [236-237], [238].
Chinese pay Khokand annual sum, [64].
Chinese principle in ruling Kashgar, [156].
Chinese reconquer Kashgar, [258-276].
Chinese revindicating army, strength of, [246].
Chinese rule, benefits and disadvantages of, [74-75].
Chinese, strategical advantages of, [66].
Chinese Turkestan, see Eastern Turkestan.
Chitral, [29].
Christians, [25].
Chuguchak, [10], passim.
Chuntche, [42].
Coal mines, [60].
Cochin China, [42].
Comparison between rule of Chinese and Yakoob Beg, [168-169], [255-257].
Constantinople, [196], passim.
Corbashi, [149].
Corps of artillerymen, [142].
Crusade, propagandist, against Khitay, [47].
Czar, the, [185].
Dadkwah, passim, functions of, [144-145].
Danyal, [44], [45].
Darius, [36].
Darwas, [72].
Dastarkhwan, [225].
Dava Khan, [30].
Davatsi, [45-46].
Delhi, [28].
Destruction caused by Genghis Khan, [28].
Devanchi, [244], [247].
Devan defile, [244], passim.
Difference between Eastern and Western Turkestan, [15].
Dihbid, [76].
Disunion in Central Asia, [120-121], [210-211].
in China, [92].
in Kashgar, [259-263].
Djinghite, see [Jigit].
Dolans, [9], [143].
Dungani, see [Tungani].
Dungans, see [Tungani].
Durani, [51].
Dylon Yulduc, [26].
Eastern Turkestan, [1], [15], [17], [38-42], [59], passim.
Edinburgh, Duke of, [205].
Effects of Khoja risings on China's prestige, [70].
Effects of past misrule in Kashgar, [39].
Elchi Khana, [228].
Eleuthian, or Eleuth princes, [42], [46].
Emir, or Ameer, [198], [220], passim.
England's policy towards China, [257];see [chapter 14] also.
towards Kashgar, [212-235].
trade with Kashgar, [153], [202].
trans-Himalayan policy, [204]; see [chapter 14] also.
English mission guests of Yakoob Beg, [232].
Eshan Khan, [71].
Ferghana, [25], [32], [181], [187], [210].
First outbreak against China in Eastern Turkestan, [64].
Forsyth, Sir T. D., [6], [22], [194], [196], [204], [216], [218-219], [233], [234].
Forsyth's report, [221], [233].
interview with Yakoob Beg, [228-230].
second mission to Kashgar, [221-232].
Galdan, [44], [45].
"Garden of Asia," [2], [59].
Genghis Khan, [25-20], [220], passim.
code of, [20].
Ghizni, [28].
Gibbon, [220].
Glacier, see [Muzart Pass].
Gobi, [1], [2], [19], [156], [246], passim.
Goes Benedict, [37].
Goitre, [12], passim.
Gordon, Col., [92], [222].
Gorkhan, [25].
Granville-Gortschakoff negotiations, [207].
Great road from Kashgar to Hamil and Kansuh, [12].
Great Yuldus, [273].
Gregorieff, Professor, [138].
Grim Pass, [223-224].
Guchen, [10], [246].
Gulbagh, [55], [66].
Guoharbrum, [11].
Hacc Kuli Beg (Khokandian general), [69].
Hacc Kuli Beg (Yakoob Beg's son), [79], [133], [244], [252-253], [260].
Hadayatulla, [37], [38].
Hadji Torah, [140], [141], [169-171], [196], [220], [221], [223], [232], [233], [248].
Haft Khojagan, [71].
Hai Yen, [239].
Hakim Beg, [55].
Hakim Khan, [250-253], [259-261].
Hamil, [10], [59], [130], [246], [247].
Han Hing Nung, [240].
Hastings, Warren, [213].
Hayward, Mr., [216].
Hazrat Afak, [37], [38], [74].
Heh Tsun, [240].
Henderson, Dr., [218], [219].
Her Majesty, autograph letter of, [230].
"High Tartary," [212].
Himalaya, [213].
Himalayan passes, [213].
Hindoo Koosh, [14], [17], [28].
Hodjent, [37], [44], [84], [208], [209], passim.
Hordes, Kirghiz, [50].
Hoser, [272].
Houchow, [95].
Houtan, [7].
Husen, [32].
Hwang Tsang, [4].
Hydar Kuli, Hudaychi, [84].
Hydar, [35].
Ihrar Khan Torah, [172], [218], [219], [228].
Ilchi, [7].
Ili, [1], [2], [7], [22], [25], [44], [45], [48], [176]; see [chapter 14], passim.
Ili, Viceroy of, [56], passim.
Irjar, [85].
Isa Dadkwah, [65-66].
Ishac Wang, [68].
Islamism, [20].
Ismail Shah, [72].
Issik Kul, [17], [33], [174].
Jade, [60], [163-164], passim.
Jallab, [6].
Jattah Ulus, or Jattahs, [29], [33], [35].
Jehangir (Ababakar's son), [36].
Jehangir (Sarimsak's son), [64], [65-68].
Jehangir (Timour's son), [34].
Jigit, [143], passim.
Jungaria, [1], [2], [15], [17], [25], [33], [34], [47], [134], [175], [236], passim.
Kabil Shah, [32].
Kafiristan, [37].
Kafirs, [37].
Kaidu River, [30], [266].
Khalkhalu, [24].
Kamaruddin, [33].
Kamensky, Mr., [248], [264], [265].
Kamschatka, [41].
Kanaát Shah, [82-83].
Kanghi, [42].
Kansuh, [20], [24], [43], [92], passim.
Kara Khitay, [24], [25].
Kara Kirghiz, [17].
Karakoram, [2], [37], [48], [213].
Karakoram (city), [29].
Karanghotagh, [36].
Karashar, [2], [9], [20], [130], [247], [266].
Karataghluc, [37], [44], [46], [49].
description of, [52-53].
Karatakka mountains, [68].
Karategin, [68], [77].
Karghalik, [225].
Karshi, [179].
Kashgar River, see [Kizil Su].
Kashgari resigned to Chinese conquest, [52].
Kashgar, [12], [25], [35], [45], [178], passim.
history of, [22-40].
Kashgaria, [1], [2], [13], passim.
Kashgarian valley, description of, [10].
Kashgarian scenery, [11].
Kashgari not fanatics, [140].
dress of, [140].
"Kashmir and Kashgar," [223].
Katti Torah, Khoja, [71].
Kaufmann, General, [185], [195], [197], [206], [207], [209], [250].
Kaulbars, Baron, [192-195], [197].
Kaulbars Treaty, [219].
Kazalinsk, [79].
Kazan Ameer, [31], [32].
Kazi, [145], [146].
Kazi Rais, [6], [146].
Keen-Lung, [43-45], [63], [93], [156], passim.
Kermina, [179].
Khalkas, [19].
Khan, [220-221].
Khan Amban, see [Amban of Yarkand].
Khan Khoja, [38], [48].
Khans of Central Asia, [39].
Khaton, [23].
Khitay, [5], [21], [46], [93], [143], [240], passim.
Khitay merchants, [58].
Khiva, [25], [27], [178], [181], [197], [206].
Khivan desert, [32].
Khize Khoja, [33].
Kho Dalay, [111].
Khoja Ahmad, [44].
Khoja family, [37], [48], [64].
Khoja invasion, [73].
Khoja Ishac, [52].
Khoja Kalan, [52].
Khoja Kalar, [37].
Khoja Kings, [31].
Khoja Kulan, [102].
Khoja Padshah, see [Abdullah].
Khojam Beg, [45].
Khokand, [3], [17], [36], [48], [49], [187], passim.
Khokand pays tribute to China, [50], [63-64].
Khokand, rising in, [209-210].
Khokandian intrigues, [57].
Khokandian tax-gatherers, [97].
Khoten, [17], [24], [25], [50], [118], [121-123], [224-225].
description of, [6].
rising at, [262].
Khoten gold mines, [163].
Khoten jade, [163], passim.
Khudadar, [34].
Khudayar Khan, [71], [81-86], [120], [187-189], [208-209], passim.
Khwaresm, see Khiva.
Kiachta, [48].
Kichik Khan, [72].
Kin Shun, [136], [263], [266-272].
Kipchak, [14], [25], passim.
description of, [18].
Kirghiz, [14], [16], [17], [104], [143], [184], [209], passim.
description of, [17].
nomads submit to China, [50].
Kish, [32].
Kizil Su, [3].
Kizil Yart, [17], passim.
Kludof, [182-185].
Kohistan, [2].
Kok Robat, battle of, [72], [228].
Kolpakovsky, General, [182], [184], [281].
Kooda Kuli Beg, [79], [130].
Koosh Bege, [79], passim.
Korla, description of, [9], [245], [248], [267], [268], passim.
Koshluk, [25].
Kouralia, see [Korla].
Kouroungli, see [Korla].
Kucha, [2], [8], [127-130], [268], [269], [270], passim.
battle at, [270-271].
description of, [9].
Kucha coal mines, [163].
Kucha Khojas, [127], passim.
Kuen Lun, [7].
Kuhna Turfan, [7]; see [Turfan].
Kuhwei, [265], [266].
Kuldja, [2], [94].
Kuldja question, [265].
Kuli Beg, [79], [133], [137], [141], [171], [250], [251], [252-253], [260-263], [274], [276].
Kumush, [265].
Kunar, [29].
Kurama, [76], [82], passim.
Kuropatkine, Capt., [204], [244-245].
Kurtka Fort, [65].
Kutaiba, [24].
Ladakh, [213].
Lahore, [31].
"Lahore to Yarkand," [219].
Lake Lob, [134], [245].
Lanchefoo, [45], [59], [246], passim.
Laws in Kashgar, [145-146].
Leaoutung, [41].
Lêh, [153].
Lhasa, [60].
Little Bokhara, [1], [213].
Liu Kin Tang, see [Kin Shun].
Lob Nor, see [Lake Lob].
Mah Dalay, [100].
Mahomedanism in Kashgar, [24].
Mahomedanism, passim.
Mahomed Ali Khan (ruler of Khokand), [37], [66], [68], passim.
Mahomed Arif, [77].
Mahomed Beg of Artosh, [172].
Mahomed Khan, [170].
Mahomed Khoja, [171]; see also [Sheikh-ul-Islam].
Mahomed Kuli, [102].
Mahomed Latif, see [Pur Mahomed].
Mahomed Nazzar. [214], [215].
Mahomed Seyyid Wang, of Kashgar, [66].
Mahomed Yunus Jan, [140], [171-172], [215], [226], [227], [261].
Makhram, battle of, [210].
Manas, [133], [236], [263].
siege of, [239-240].
Manchuria, [19].
Manning, Thomas, [213], [294].
Mansur, [35].
Mantchoo, [41], [42].
Maralbashi, [8], [31], [66], [110], [121]; see also [Bartchuk].
Marco Polo, [14], [30].
Maulana Khoja Kasani, [52].
Ma-yeo-pu, [270].
Mecca, [37].
Merv, [179].
Meshed, [179].
Michell, Messrs, opinion on Kashgar, [213].
Military settlers, [50].
Mines in Kashgar, [8].
Ming dynasty, [41].
Mingyol, battle at, [69].
Mir, [82].
Mirza, [204].
Mirza Jan Effendi, [170].
Mollah Khan, [82], [170].
Mongols, [25], [41].
Mongols, murder of, [27].
Moorcroft, Mr., [213].
Moral of Yakoob Beg's career, [257].
Morozof, Mr., [202].
Moscow gewgaws, [182].
"Moses in the land," [39].
Mourad Beg, [69].
Mozaffur Eddin, [83], [179], [186], passim.
Mufti, [146].
Mufti Habitulla, [122-123].
murder of, [123].
Mughol see Mongol.
Mugholistan. [1], [29].
Muhtasib, [6].
Mussulman Kuli, [18], [81-82], passim.
Muzart Pass, [61], [78], [273].
Mysoka Bahadur, [26].
Nadir Shah, [51], passim.
Naiman tribe, [25].
Nankin, [92].
Nar Mahomed Khan, [77], [169].
Naryn, [8], [61], [177], [178], [180], [183], passim.
Nasruddin, [209-210].
Nestorian Christians, [30].
New Turfan, [7].
Nur Ali (Kirghiz), [50].
Ogdai Khan, [29], [34].
Oigur princes, [23].
Oigurs, [16].
Old saying in Kashgar, [39].
Olja Turkan Khaton, [32].
Opinion of Chinese rule, [152].
Orda, or palace, at Kashgar, [3], [142].
Orda, passim.
Oxus, [23], [211].
Pamere, see [Pamir].
Pamir, [1], [2], [8], [25], [36], [48].
Panjkora, [28].
Panthays, [92], [175], passim.
Pekin, [29], [47], passim.
Pekin Gazette, [238], [249], [253], [267], [272].
Perovsky, General, [79-81].
Perovsky Fort, [81].
Persia, [14], [23].
Piskent, [76], [77].
Population of Kashgaria, [2], [59], [157].
of city of Kashgar, [3].
of city of Kucha, [9].
of city of Yarkand, [5].
Powers interested in Kashgar, [196].
Presents to Yakoob Beg, [230-231].
Prester John, [25].
Prince of Kashgar, see [Ishac Wang].
Prjevalsky, Col., [20], [245], [250], [273].
Pupyshef, Mr., [199-200].
Pur Mahomed Mirza, [76].
Rashid, [37], [52].
Reinthal's, Capt., mission to Kashgar, [184-185], [202-204].
Rising against Russia, folly of, if not combined, [180].
Risings in Khokand, see [Khokand].
Road between Ili and Kashgar, [61].
"Road Board," [62].
Romanoffski, General, [85].
"Roof of the World," [222].
Royal Body Guard, [226].
Ruduk, [233].
Russia at Vernoe, [130].
Russia demands Consuls in Kashgar, [203], [205].
Russia in Central Asia, [47], [173].
Russia in Kuldja or Ili, [133], [174-177], [279-282].
Russia invades Kuldja, [206].
Russia promises to restore Ili, [175].
Russian attitude towards Chinese, [248].
Russian merchants, [164], [182], [193], [197], [199], [202].
Russian policy towards Kashgar, [177-209].
Russian trade with Kashgar, [153].
Sadic Beg, [86], [87], [102], [103], [104], [107], [116], [117], [261], [263], [275].
embassy to Tashkent, [87].
truce with, [107].
Sahib Khan, [81].
Said, [35], [36], [37], [52].
Salara, [95].
Samarcand, [25], [33], [52], [179].
Saniz, [34].
Sanju, [7], [36], [224], passim.
Sanju Devan, [11], [223].
Sarbaz, [143], passim.
Sarimsak Khoja, [48], [51], [64], [65].
Satuk Bughra Khan, [24].
Schlagintweit, Messrs., [16], [214], passim.
Schuyler, Eugene, [195].
Scobelef, Gen., [207].
Scobelef, Col., [207], [210].
Scourges of God, [28], [33].
Seistan, [32].
Seven Khoja princes, [71].
Seyyid Ali, [34].
Seyyid Yakoob Khan, see [Hadji Torah].
Shadi Mirza, [184-185].
Shahidoolah, [223].
Shahrisebz, [32].
Sham, [226].
Shariàt, [90], [145].
Shaw, Robt., [16], [194], [212], [213], [215], [218], [221], [232], [234].
Sheikh-ul-Islam, [116-117], [151], [158].
Sheikh Nizamuddin, [77].
Shensi, [20], [92], [237].
Shere Ali (Cabul), [8], [118], [179].
Shere Ali Khan (Khokand), [83].
Siberia, [1], [47].
Sirikul, [8], [106], [118], [132].
Six Cities, see [Altyshahr].
Sobo tribes, [94].
Somof, Mr., [109-200].
St. George and St. Anne Cross Fever, [206].
St. Petersburg, [185], [196].
Stoliczka, Dr., [222].
Story of St Constantine's day, [194].
Subashi, [265].
"Sublimely Pure," [42].
Sule, [1].
Sultan Mourad, [83].
Sultan Seyyid, [83], [86].
Suranchi Beg, [65], [104].
Syr Darya, [18], [79], [192].
Swat, [28].
Szchuen, [58], [237].
Taepings, [92].
Tagharchi, [106].
Tajik, [14], [78].
Talifoo, [92], [175], [237].
Tamerlane, see [Timour].
Tanab, [162].
Tanabi, [162].
Tang dynasty, [22].
Tang Jen Ho, [265].
Tangut, [27].
Tarantchis. [12], [68], [124-125].
Tarfur, see [Turfan].
Tartar, [15] passim.
Tarzagchi, [149].
Tash Balik, [65].
Tashkent, [25], [32], [49], [84], [208].
battle of, [85], [209], passim.
etiquette at, [206].
Tashkent Gazette, see [Turkestan].
Tashkurgan, [8].
Tatsing, [42].
Tawats, see [Davatsi].
Taxes in Kashgar, [56], [62], [63], [151-160].
Tay Dalay, [55].
Tchernaief, [84-85].
Tchimkent, [84].
Tekes, river and pass, [133], [273].
Tenure of land in Kashgar, [161].
Terek Pass, [61], [103].
Tian Shan, [2], [20], [33], [59], [247], passim.
Tian Shan Nan Lu, [61].
Tian Shan Pe Lu, [61].
Tibet, [7], [37], [42], [50], [56], [60], [213], [217].
Cashmerian, [2].
Tibetan table-land, [36].
Timour, [32-34], [91].
Timour Khan (Chinese Emperor), [31].
Timour, Yakoob Beg's descent from, [77].
Tobolsk, [48].
Toghluc Timour, [31], [33].
Toksoun, [242], [244], [264].
battle at, [247].
To Teh Lin, [240].
Trade, [153].
Trade privileges, [57].
Trade with China, [217-218]; see [chapter 14].
Trade with Kashgar, [106], [216-217].
Treaty between England and Kashgar, [232].
Treaty between Russia and Kashgar, [194].
Treaty with Khokand, [69].
Trotter, Captain, [222].
Tsedayar, [268].
Tso Tsung Tang, [246], [247], [263], [265], [272], [275], passim.
army of, [272].
Tungani, [2], [19], [20], [21], [93], [130], [144], [239], [241], [243], passim.
description of, [19], [93-94].
Tungan rising proper, [95], [96], [123-124].
in Kashgar, [96], [102].
in Kuldja, [124-125].
Tungani desert Yakoob Beg, [249].
Tungani unorthodox, [127].
defend Kucha, [127-130].
Turanian family, [14], [15].
Turcomans, [32].
Turfan, [21], [130], [242], [244], [264].
battle at, [247].
Turfan Ush, see [Ush Turfan].
Turghay, [32].
Turkestan, Eastern, see [Eastern Turkestan].
Western, see [Western Turkestan].
Turkestan Gazette, [251], [252], [264], passim.
Turkestan Trading Company, [232].
Tyfu, [231].
Uigurs, see [Oigurs].
Uman Sheikh, [36].
Urumtsi, [10], [130], [131], [134], [236].
siege of, [238-239].
Usbeg, [14].
Usha Tal, [265].
"Ushr" tax, [62], [160].
Ush Turfan, [7], [45], [46], [47], [130], [183], [273].
rising at, [51].
Vagrants, laws against, [150].
Value of land in Kashgar, [160-161].
Vernoe, [8], [130], [174], [176], [182].
Viceroy of Ili, [55], passim.
Viceroy of Kansuh, [237-238]; see also [Tso Tsung Tang].
"Vodka," [209].
"Vuoba," [264].
Wakhan, [8], [64].
Wali Khan, [71], [72], [214].
character of, [72-73].
Wangs, [56], [63], passim.
Wanleh, [41].
Wealth of Kashgar merchants, [165].
Western Turkestan, [14], [15], passim.
Yahya, [38].
Yakoob Beg, birth of, [76];
early career, [78-91];
character of, [88], [91];
charges against, [89];
sets out against Kashgar, [91];
expedition against Kashgar, [103-118];
fails to take Yarkand, [106];
defeats Tungan army near Yangy Hissar, [109];
marries Kho Dalay's daughter, [112];
attacks Yarkand again, [113-116];
reverse at Yarkand, [114];
takes Yarkand, [116];
reasons for wars with Tungani, [120];
wars with Tungani, [126-127], [127-130], [132-136];
retrospect of his invasion of Kashgar, [119];
his army, [134-135], [142-144];
policy towards Tungani, [135-136];
internal policy, [137-139];
foreign policy, see chapters [10] and [11];
court of, [138-139];
police system of, [146-152];
principles of finance of, [154-167];
expenses of, [157];
revenue of, [167];
reply to Russian threats, [186], [191-192];
reply to Khudayar Khan'sovertures, [190];
sends envoy to Tashkent, [195];
arrangement with Sultan, [196];
his opinion of trade, [198];
out-manœuvres Russia, [199-201];
congratulates Czar on marriage of his daughter, [205];
prepares to defend himself against Russia, [208];
weakness of his foreign policy, [210-211];
policy towards England, [218-233];
decline of friendship towards England, [231];
prepares to defend himself against China, [244-246];
comparison with China, [241-249];
death of, [250-253];
résumé of career, [253-257], passim.
Yakoob Khan, [220]; see [Yakoob Beg].
Yakoob Khan, of Cabul, [221].
Yangabad, battle of, [67].
Yangy Hissar, [4], [24], [35], [36], [44], [105], [228].
fort surrenders to Yakoob Beg, [106].
Yangy Mussulmans, [112], [243], passim.
Yangy Shahr, [34], [68], passim.
at Yarkand, gallant defence of, [101].
at Kashgar, [102], [107], [111-112].
Yarkand, [3], [5], [44], [226].
embassy to, [22].
river, [5], [59].
Tungan rising in, [99-102], [105-106].
Yuldus, [133]; see also [Great Yuldus].
Yung Ching, [43].
Yunus, [34], [35], [40].
Yusuf (son of Galdan), [46].
Yusuf (son of Sarimsak), [64], [69].
Yuzbashi Mahomed Zareef Khan, [223].
"Zakat" tax, [62], [160], [164-167].
Zilchak, [226].
Zuelik, [79].
Zuhuruddin, [70-72].

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